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国家铁路晒账本:铁总去年赚10亿 还是税务帮忙

2017-05-02 04:51:06   

 业绩为正 所得税“帮忙”

近年来,中铁总的资产负债率相对稳定。2016年中铁总资产负债率为到65%,2015年末资产负债率约为65.57%,2014年末资产负债率为65.52%。

中铁总的总体负债规模近年来逐渐扩大,2016年负债合计4.72万亿元,较上年增长15个百分点。2016年,中铁总长期负债为3.95万亿元,国内借款37.7亿元,国外借款总计383.42亿元,来自世界银行、亚行、德国政府、西班牙政府、奥地利、法国等。

2016年上半年,中铁总宣告亏损,净利润为-72.95亿元。不过,根据2016年年报,中铁总税前利润-11.73亿元,所得税-22.49亿元,因而净利润“转正”为10.76亿元,与上年同期净利润数据对比,提升了58个百分点。记者试图就此采访中铁总,截至发稿未获回复。

主营亏本其他业务大赚

根据大公国际资信评估有限公司对中铁总主体及相关债项的跟踪评级报告,2014年度、2015年度及2016年1~3月,中铁总的运输业务毛利润分别为613亿元、-886亿元、-231亿元;而其他业务则带来了可观的毛利润,上述两年及一期分别为1200亿元、1414亿元、252亿元。

在2016年年报中,中铁总并未对“其他业务”具体内容做详细说明。记者注意到,中铁总官网2016年9月消息,旗下的哈尔滨铁路局曾出台《激励铁路运输其他业务创业创效暂行办法》等,在资产经营开发的推进中,亦曾利用“资产经营网”平台,对外承租近3000处办公用房、7200万平方米闲置土地等,“仅坐拥百年历史的果戈里大街401号楼全年租金收入就达到390万元”。2016年3月,该局运输代理中心在互联网上开办“火车头商城”,吸引292家供应商签约入驻,经营上千种商品,销售总额已达到3000多万元。

相较于运输业务,中铁总的其他业务也带来了较高的毛利率。2016年1~3月,中铁总的运输业务毛利率为16.17%,而其他业务的毛利率则达到42.64%。北京交通大学教授赵坚表示,“其他业务”即非运输收入,例如铁路装车卸车的服务、出租铁路车站周边建筑的服务、广告、以及其他服务。对于铁路乘客所熟悉的“花生瓜子矿泉水”等零售业务,这部分当然也包括在其他业务中,但对收入贡献很小。

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