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中国1/3新增建设用地用于支持1亿人口落户城市

2016-11-13 13:09:44   中国经营报

  标准调增

出于集约节约利用土地资源的考虑,中国内地的土地管理制度在城镇建设用地规模上,有着较为严格和完整的标准体系。而此次为了确保1亿农村转移人口落户城镇的目标能够如期完成,在相关标准上也进行了调整,从而形成了1200万亩的城镇建设用地规模。

多位国土资源住房城乡规划系统内部人士向记者证实,在规划编制过程中,确定城镇建设用地规模需要参照人口数量,并具体到“人均建设用地面积”标准。同时,人均建设用地面积又按照城镇居民和农村流动人口两类不同属性编制。

此次1亿农业转移人口落户城镇,如果按照原有的标准划分,实际上须依据农村流动人口的标准编制。根据农村流动人口的建设用地安排标准,农村流动人口通常只按城镇人均建设用地标准的60%安排用地。

“如果按照这个标准测算,1亿农村转移人口大致需要安排720万亩的城镇建设用地规模,但是,此次进行《规划》调整时,并未依据这个原有的标准安排建设用地,而是调增了这个科目的标准,从而多安排了建设用地。”前述地方国土资源厅内部人士表示。

记者掌握的情况表明,国土资源部针对农村转移人口落户城镇,采用了进城落户人口按人均100平方米安排新增城镇建设用地的标准,而这一标准按照农村流动人口的标准,则只有约人均60平方米。

因此,相较于按原标准形成的720万亩的新增建设用地供应规模,为落实1亿农村转移人口落户城市的目标,国土资源部多安排了约500万亩的新增建设用地规模,这不得不说对于地方政府是极大的鼓励与刺激。

  指标单列

“从部里面给我们传达的精神看,这些用地指标都会是单列的。”前述地方国土资源厅内部人士告诉记者,因1亿农业转移人口落户城镇而形成的新增建设用地规模安排,将实行单列计划,以确保“专标专用”。

国土资源部下发给地方的相关文件提出,国家充分考虑各省(区、市)上一年度进城落户人口规模,合理分解计划指标;省(区、市)根据所辖各市县上一年度进城落户人口规模,专项安排计划指标;县(市、区)在组织城镇建设时,优先安排吸纳进城落户人口镇的用地。

“因为新增建设用地指标对于地方政府来说,是稀缺资源,所以,采用计划单列的管理方式,一是为了防止地方政府挤占、挪用这一专项建设用地指标;二是为了 增强这一政策的针对性和激励作用,鼓励地方政府积极推进农业转移人口落户城镇。”一位国土资源系统的专家向记者表示。

虽然调增建设用地规模已经确定,但是集约节约用地的惯有原则并未被突破。目前,国土资源部已经要求,要综合考虑城镇容纳空间等因素,现状人均城镇建设用地不超过100平方米的城镇,对于进城落户人口,按人均100平方米标准安排新增城镇建设用地。

同时,现状人均水平在100~150平方米之间的城镇,按照人均80平方米标准安排;现状人均水平超过150平方米的城镇,按照人均50平方米标准安排。超大和特大城市的中心城区原则上不因吸纳农业转移人口安排新增建设用地。

除此之外,国土资源部还要求,在土地利用总体规划、城乡规划编制和修订时,充分考虑区域经济社会发展水平、土地利用现状、节约集约用地要求和人口规模等 因素,特别是进城落户人口数量和流向,合理安排城镇新增建设用地规模。原有规模确实无法满足进城落户人口用地需求的,可依法适当调整规划。

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