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网约车司机沉浮记:补贴降低 收入断崖式下跌

2016-09-30 03:49:09   新京报

王斌很迷茫,不知道他和他的车该何去何从。新京报记者彭子洋摄

所有的信息似乎都在告诉观望者,顺应互联网发展潮流,成为一名网约车司机吧,这份职业可以满足你对财富和自由的全部想象。

和大部分网约车司机一样,王斌是冲着“更高收入”去的。他辞去了快递员的工作,借钱买了一辆广汽本田,一头扎进了网约车司机大军。

优步是他最早接触的平台。当时,优步正在推行“每周拉满70单保底7000元”的奖励政策。做网约车司机的第一个礼拜,王斌就获得了7000元的流水——这比他当快递员时的月薪还要高2000元。

“终于找到挣钱的感觉了。”他第一次觉得,路边那些林立的大饭店,也可以“理直气壮地走进去了”。

21岁的北京人金正宇比王斌早开半年网约车。他比王斌兴奋多了。从月薪1800块的实习厨师,摇身变成月入两三万的网约车司机。

“就好像在吃馒头,突然可以去吃金钱豹了,而且不是自助,是点餐的那种。”他对剥洋葱说。

雷军说,只要站在风口,猪都可以飞起来。金正宇觉得,他就是那只猪。

拼命跑

王斌乐于看到平台之间开战。战场弥漫的硝烟,最后都会以各种形式,具化成司机们口袋里的一摞摞钞票。

2015年是战争白热化的一年。优步创始人、CEO特拉维斯·卡兰尼克曾公开说,滴滴每年要花40亿美元补贴司机。滴滴副总裁陶然则隔空反击,优步在2015年烧钱补贴20亿美元。

对司机的补贴政策每天都在变化,但能感觉出平台间的“互动”——滴滴打出平峰时段2倍的奖励,优步就会出台满12单几百块的奖励;反之亦然。

司机们是绝对受益者。兼职司机小佟,在一家教育软件公司做动画设计,他晚上六点下班后接单,到晚上十一点回家,一周也能挣一千块。他正职的月薪也只有五千块。

王斌同时使用三部手机,装上滴滴、优步、易到用车三个APP,对比三家当天的补贴政策,再决定使用哪家平台出车。

“‘战争’对我们来说是好事,和平就没戏了。”有司机深谙烧钱大战的真谛。

但大部分司机都知道,高补贴不会持久,如果一方资源耗尽,他们的红利也就走到了尽头。

红利稍纵即逝,对抗它的方式,就是“拼命跑”。

根据滴滴和优步的奖励政策,前一天接的单数越多,第二天的奖励越丰厚。王斌调整了作息时间,上午五六点出门,晚上十二点回到天通苑的出租屋里睡觉。

但奖励政策有魔力,作息根本没法规律。

夜里,王斌本来已经困得不行,头靠在座椅上,一两分钟就能睡着。但一听到手机APP传来的接单提示音,“整个人立马就精神了”。

有好几次,王斌一直接单到凌晨两点。回家睡觉不到三个小时,早上五六点起床,继续出车。

为了冲金牌司机,限号时,王斌也不休息了,待在五环外拉活。

一次,走在四环上。王斌突然断片了。不知道自己在哪里,在干什么,他还纳闷,为什么车上有个陌生人。回过神来才发现,他在接单,后座上是乘客。

有两个月的时间,金正宇甚至没顾得上回通州的家。

他带着换洗的衣服,就住在车上。困了就找个停车位,在后座眯会儿;想洗澡了就找个澡堂子。

那是滴滴快车翻倍奖励1.8倍、每天完成25单奖励180元的时期。金正宇看着手机APP里的提现金额,只有一个感觉——刺激。

他对剥洋葱说,那时候,眼里只有APP里的数字,其他都看不到。

去年年末,有一周,滴滴打出了全天5.5倍的奖励政策。金正宇在国贸桥下看到,保时捷、玛莎拉蒂全都出动了。往车里一瞅,中控台上放着手机,一看就是拉滴滴的。

再一打听,不少人工作也不干了,请假出来拉活。

疯狂过后,一条新闻给了王斌当头一棒——一位网约车司机,因为工作太拼命,猝死了。

金正宇也在连开两个月车后走进了医院。他经常断片,走在路上,红绿灯都分辨不了。医生告诉他,过度劳累,休息休息就好了。

持续疲劳驾驶,存在极大隐患。据新华社报道,在2015年,深圳市网约车共发生交通违法75.6万宗,上报涉网约车交通事故共3653宗,疲劳驾驶、带病上岗、驾驶员载客途中猝死的情况都存在。

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