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报告称2012届大学毕业生三年后平均月入5696元

2016-06-13 08:01:28    中国青年报

原标题:大学生就业重心发生什么变化

中国青年报·中青在线记者 诸葛亚寒来源:中国青年报(2016年06月13日03版)

2016年中国大学生就业报告6月12日上午发布。报告显示,大学毕业生就业重心发生变化,民企、中小微企业、地级市及以下地区等成为大学毕业生主要就业去向。

报告同时指出,虽然近两年经济下行,但创业与深造确保了2015届大学生就业率总体稳定;连续三届大学毕业生就业向知识密集型产业转移;大学毕业生薪资涨幅超社会平均水平;超20万2015届大学生选择创业,自主创业比例呈上升趋势。

该报告由麦可思研究院编著。报告还发布了大学生就业“绿牌专业”(失业量较小,就业率、薪资和就业满意度综合较高的专业)和“红牌专业”(失业量较大,就业率、薪资和就业满意度综合较低的专业),软件工程、网络工程、通信工程、车辆工程专业连续两届成为本科就业“绿牌专业”,而本科的美术学、高职高专的法律事务、语文教育专业连续三届被亮“红牌”。

国企和外企已不再是毕业生的就业首选

报告显示,2015届大学生毕业半年后的就业率为91.7%,与2014届的92.1%和2013届的91.4%基本持平。其中,本科院校2015届毕业生半年后的就业率为92.2%,高职高专为91.2%。

报告分析认为,虽然去年与今年经济下行,但2015届大学生毕业半年后就业基本稳定,这是因为大学毕业生的创业和深造比例上升,减少了需就业的基数。

数据显示,大学生自主创业比例从2013届的2.3%上升到2015届的3.0%。此外,信息、教育、医疗等知识密集型产业近年来增长较快,大学毕业生在经济结构变化中的就业适应性更好,从而就业受传统经济的影响较其他人群小。

但是,在2015届大学生未就业人群中,52%的人处于求职状态,31%的人准备考研、考公务员、创业和参加职业培训,另有17%不求职也无其他计划。

在就业选择上,国企和外企已不再是毕业生的首选。报告显示,大学毕业生在民营企业就业的比例从2013届的54%上升为2015届的59%。而在国企、外企就业的比例分别从2013届的22%、11%下降到2015届的18%、9%。

与此同时,越来越多的大学毕业生选择中小微企业和地级市以下地区就业。2013届至2015届大学毕业生在3000人以上大型用人单位就业的比例从23%降到21%,在300人以下的中小微用人单位就业的比例从51%上升为55%。毕业生在地级市及以下地区就业比例从2013届的52%上升为2015届的55%。

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