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草原天路收50元门票引质疑 官方:实现与百姓共富共赢

2016-05-09 03:03:46   北京青年报

北青报:公路是否可以随意作为景区来收费?此前有无先例?

马晓龙:与高速公路不同,草原天路本质上是一条公路,是全国公民的路产资源,是不收费的,任何一个人都有权利来用。草原天路不是地方政府事先策划投资建设的旅游资源,而是被路人发现这是一个很好的旅游产品,有很好的观感后,在大家心目中变成了一个景点。然后地方政府就把它变成一个旅游产品开始收费,我不知道它收费的依据在哪儿。国外也没有这种情况。

北青报:根据政府部门的公告,收费是因为政府投入了大量资金,而且还在继续投入加强维护。

马晓龙:修路本身是地方政府应该做的事情,而且公路修建的投资使用的是财政收入,来源于民。政府有责任和义务提供道路设施维护,保证道路安全,这些都是政府的责任和义务,不能要求一个经过的路人为政府提供设施的行为买单。路人并没有要求你提供额外服务,地方政府不能因为加了一个酒店修了一个座椅或者厕所,提供了这样的服务就必须消费,这是在交“过路钱”,是地方政府强买强卖的逻辑。

北青报:如何区分这是政府应该进行的基础设施建设还是对景区的投入?

马晓龙:如果说有明确的投资主体,比如迪士尼乐园这类人造景观,卖门票就是自由的,你可以选择来或者不来。但作为一条公路,本质功能是连接和通行,所有作为景区的功能都是附加上去的,这时候对于一个路人收费就是不公平的。想开发变成风景区也可以,首先要满足连接问题,比如建设一条更好的路来取代这条公路,连接这两个地方。然后,你再把这条公路沿线的旅游资源和产品打包成为一个新的景区。

任何一条路出现,都有公共产品的功能,不能只服务特定人群,政府或者开发商这种“画地为牢”的方式,对经过这条路的客人是很不公平的,是强买强卖的行为。而且这开启了一个非常不好的先例,我们国家任何一条公路、道路,仔细看的话都可以相应开发成旅游产品,那是不是所有地方都要进行收费?

北青报:还有一种说法,收费其实是为了限制客流。

马晓龙:任何一个经过我们村镇或者县的公路,车流量大的话都会对当地生活生产产生影响,但是否都要通过价格机制来调节?如果任何一个地方政府都可以设卡收费,国家大的交流成本会大大上升,地方政府是有了门票收入,但整个国家物流通行能力、交易成本将大打折扣。这不是充分的理由。控制车流量可以有很多措施,如通过新修道路、完善设施、客货分开来实现。

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