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媒体6问生物细胞免疫疗法:在美国已宣告失败

2016-05-03 03:35:37   新京报

魏则西的父母怀抱他的遗像,悲伤不能自已

从被检出滑膜肉瘤,到去世,年仅21岁的小伙子魏则西用了两年时间。尽管不愿相信,一个年轻的生命终究还是走了。而他的一段“知乎”上的留言,让武警北京总队第二医院的生物细胞免疫疗法“走上台前”,成为被追问的对象,新京报记者为此多方采访求证,试图解开围绕疗法的谜团。

 疑问1滑膜肉瘤是种什么病怎么治?

有资料显示,魏则西所患的“滑膜肉瘤”是源于关节、滑膜及腱鞘滑膜的软组织的恶性肿瘤。

据北大肿瘤医院软组织和腹膜后肿瘤中心主任郝纯毅介绍,包含滑膜肉瘤在内的“肉瘤”和我们常说的“癌”属于不同起源的两大类型恶性肿瘤。其中,发生于软组织的叫做肉瘤,比如脂肪肉瘤、平滑肌肉瘤、纤维肉瘤等。它和癌的发病率、治疗方式和治疗效果等都不尽相同。

郝纯毅介绍,滑膜肉瘤的好发部位包括肢体、躯干、腹膜后等。

他表示,滑膜肉瘤在临床上并不常见,目前没有精准的发病率统计。位置在腹膜后的软组织肉瘤,发病率在十万分之一以下,属于罕见病。

郝纯毅介绍,像包括滑膜肉瘤在内的腹膜后软组织肉瘤的治疗,对医生和医院的治疗观念、技术、经验、治疗团队乃至治疗模式等方面都有很高要求。由于受影响 因素太多,在不同医生、医院治疗的效果有很大差别。这种情形不仅在国内,在欧美发达国家也是如此。因此,建议患者一定要去专业医院和治疗中心治疗。

他说,腹膜后软组织肉瘤的一大特点,就是大多数对现有化疗、放疗等手段均不太敏感,手术是唯一能给病人带来潜在治愈机会的治疗手段。

他指出,腹膜后软组织肉瘤的治疗,即使在专业人士内部也未达成共识。这种肿瘤目前主要是依靠手术,还有一些辅助治疗手段包括化疗、放疗等。对于免疫治疗,软组织肉瘤尚没有很成熟有效的手段。

  疑问2生物免疫疗法怎么治疗?

武警北京总队第二医院提供的“生物免疫疗法”,即是在国内被广泛使用的“DC-CIK生物免疫疗法”,其原理为首先提取患者的DC细胞,在体外将其诱导成熟,同时提取患者的淋巴细胞,在体外激活成为CIK细胞,将DC和CIK两种细胞共同培养进行肿瘤抗原呈递,激活肿瘤抗原相应的淋巴细胞,再把它们输给病人体内。

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