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常州“毒地”污染史疑长达50年 城市规划只字未提

2016-04-22 05:41:07   第一财经网

2011年5月31日,江苏省国土资源厅在南京组织有关专家,对常州市新北区土地利用总体规划(2006-2020)成果进行了审查,原则同意通过审查。

常州市发改委在2011年3月,同意了新北区土地利用总体规划。

在控制建设用地的同时,加大城镇建设用地内涵的挖潜,鼓励现有城镇建设用地的深度利用,成为当年建设用地开发的应对举措。上述污染之地,也在被挖潜之中。

但2011年3月至5月,新北区政府委托原常州市环境保护研究所对被指有毒地块内的土壤和地下水的污染情况进行了调查和风险评估,场地调查和风险评估结果表明有关地块土壤和地下水环境污染较重,用于商业开发的环境风险不可接受,必须对污染场地实施修复。

2013年8月,常州市环境科学研究院开展“常隆(华达、常宇)地块”污染场地土壤和地下水修复技术方案研究。确定修复技术路线为污染土壤采用“异位资源化利用 局部区域隔离”的修复方法,即将地下6米以上的污染土壤挖出,利用现有新型干法水泥回转窑生产装置,作为水泥厂原料资源化利用,6米以下采取隔离的措施。污染地下水修复采用“原位化学氧化”的修复方法。

中科院地理研究所的专家陈同斌认为,上述方式不是很合理,富集于地下的有毒污染物,在修复时,会完全暴露出来。

但是,修复方案就这么执行了,而且获得了环评认可。

土壤污染与健康关系界定难题

就在修复过程中,常外患病学生的数量不断增加。

清华大学一位环境科学与工程学者认为,“污染物质的污染程度、暴露途径,接触剂量,环境污染问题,不是一个独立的问题”,需要更具有逻辑的科学数据来支撑环境污染与健康关系,但是目前常州缺乏的便是一份更全面的居民健康调查报告。

在缺乏当地居民历史性健康监测数据时,到底如何分析这561人的异常?

“体检异常占体检人数的82%,这个数据是体检人群异常发现率,不是人群发病率。而衡量环境污染对人群健康影响应该使用发病率。”中国疾控中心环境所研究员尚琪告诉本报记者。

通常情况下,学生的疾病和健康症状如果与环境污染相关,学生人群会表现出疾病表现和症状的共同性,以及发病时间的聚集性等特点。简单来说,即发病者的临床和症状表现相似,并在一个相近的时间内相继发生类似的疾病与症状。“由于我们现在的环境健康技术水平很难把这些健康问题与环境中的污染物关联起来,因此还需有对照人群的数据进行对比,来观察学生中各种疾病和症状的发生是否异常。”尚琪说。

“环境污染对人群的健康影响的判定是个严谨的科学问题,需要依据周密的调查设计,并获取充分的现场调查数据,进行综合性的分析研究才能给出结论。这是一个过程,需要一定的时间。有时即使如此,也会得不出明确的结论来。”尚琪表示。

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