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常州“毒地”污染史疑长达50年 城市规划只字未提

2016-04-22 05:41:07   第一财经网

原标题:常州疑似“毒地”50年污染史:快速城市化中的土壤修复“病态”

4月17日,央视曝光了江苏常州外国语学校(下称“常外”)学生异常患病事件,随后引发社会强烈关注。舆论焦点的指向是,学生的致病原因是否与仅距常外百米左右的一块“毒地”相关。

最新的消息是,目前常外家长自发统计的学生体检数据又有更新,截至2016年4月20日,已收到683个学生的体检报告,其中体检数据有异常的561人,体检异常人数占比上升到82%。

然而至今,上述焦点问题未得到有关政府机关和权威机构的回应和解答。这无疑加重了民众和常外师生家长的疑虑,也进一步导致社会舆论的发酵。

中央调查组正在常州进行调查。在定论出台前,不争的事实是毒地确实存在。经检测,附近的“常隆地块”有毒化学元素在空气、土壤和地下水中存在。

那么,求证毒地形成的历史,以及当地政府的城市规划历史,乃至求证土壤污染的整体治理现状,已经超出了常外学生患病事件本身,它关乎城镇化建设与居民生命健康的现实命题。

跑冒滴漏的“毒地”历史

从地图上看,与常外毗邻的毒地位于原常州市城南工业集中区的天宁区茶山街道,北面中吴大道,南临大通河,西接清凉路,东靠龙游河。这块地,总周长4公里,总面积1平方公里,其中厂区占地面积约0.4平方公里。

上述地域属于太湖流域二级保护区。2000年3月20日开始施行的《水污染防治法实施细则》第23条规定:“禁止在生活饮用水地表水源二级保护区内新建、扩建向水体排放污染物的建设项目。改建项目,必须削减污染物排放量。”

在上述地域内,曾经长期存在原常州化工厂(下称“常化厂”)、常州味精厂(下称“味精厂”)、常州化工研究所实验工厂(下称“实验工厂)等化工企业。

“在工厂搬迁时,我们做过该地的取样调查,研究了该地土壤对植物、鱼类、蚯蚓等生态环境的毒理,试验结果显示对生态有毒性。”2007年,一位曾在搬迁时取样调查的研究人员表示。

“常州化工厂历史上是我国重要的化工和农药厂,其有机化工产品和农药生产历史达50年。在产品的生产过程中,由于产品、原料、辅料等污染物的跑、冒、滴、漏,所在范围内的土壤已受到严重污染,通过实地调查确定了研究区的主要污染物为六六六、苯、氯苯和二氯丙烷。”2011年,一位清华大学学者在取样调查该毒地时已经进行了披露。

上述学者研究的区域,包括常化厂、味精厂、实验工厂三个厂区以及部分居民区,共1平方公里,厂区面积0.4平方公里。常化厂的氯碱厂区于1958年搬迁至该地块,长期生产氯碱及其衍生产品、农药、消毒剂及相关产品,直到2007年搬迁;常化厂树脂厂建于1972年,产品包括聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯、环氧系列等有机化工产品,该厂于1994年被常化厂兼并,成为常化厂的一个车间。味精厂建于1962年,主要生产味精、鸡精。实验工厂于1958年建厂,产品涉及化工、轻纺、印染等多个类别的助剂,该厂于20世纪90年代末并入常州化工研究所有限公司,更名为常州化工研究所实验工厂,产品以纺织印染助剂为主。

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