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政协委员孙洁:生育险应纳入医保

2016-03-03 04:57:02    京华时报

同时,生育中不少医疗费用既可以属于生育医疗费用,也可以属于一般疾病医疗费用。因而生育保险基金与职工基本医疗保险基金在支付范围方面存在界限不清的问题。

□建议

参加医保即获生育保障权利

2015 年11月3日公布的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划的建议》提出“将生育保险和基本医疗保险合并实施”。为此,孙洁表示,生育保险 是一个特定时间段特有的医疗支出,而且是特定群体,如果将生育保险纳入基本医疗保险之中,就可以让所有参加基本医疗保险的人员都可以享受到生育保险的待 遇,从而较好地扩大了生育保险的覆盖面。合并实施后,生育保险基本可以实现全面覆盖。

换言之,今后生育保障就将成为医保制度的一个组成部分,医保将成为主险,而生育保障就类似其中的一个强制性附加险。各类人群只要参加了医保,就自然而然地获得了生育保障的相关权利。

同时,将生育保险纳入医疗保险,可以有效化解生育与基本医疗保险有交叉的情况,人社部门经办时就不用再判断是属于生育保险还是医疗保险的范畴,只需正常结算、正常报销即可。这样不仅可有效地缓解医院、患者、政府三方的矛盾,还可以促进社会关系的和谐发展。

失业险承担失业者生育津贴

为了促进政策更好落地,孙洁提出,合并后的生育保险与医疗保险应统一收费,建立生育医疗保险基金,实施全民参保计划,基本实现人员全覆盖。

一 方面,生育医疗费由生育医疗保险基金支付。另一方面,在职人员生育津贴按照病假工资由用人单位支付,领取时间统一为产假时间;失业人员生育津贴由失业保险 支付,领取时间可以参照失业保险的领取原则,每缴纳一年生育保险费可以领取一个月的生育津贴,最长不超过法定产假时间。

此外,一旦 将生育保险纳入医疗保险制度中,必须保证报销方式实现无缝隙对接,保证原生育保险的作用能够完全实现。她分析,将两个体系纳入一个体系,带来的好处是降低 成本,人员精简、开支减少,还可以给参保人带来便利,比如报销时会更加便捷。同时,生育保障实现全民覆盖,生育医疗保险由政府和企业共担责任,也有助于实 现社会和谐、共享发展、提升民众的获得感和幸福感。

二胎生育津贴略低于一胎水平

对于各界广为关注的缴费问题,孙洁分析,人社部近期公布的数据显示,目前职工医保单位缴费率为6%,个人为2%,生育险单位缴费率近期已从约1%降至0.5%。两项保险目前总费率约为8.5%。

由于中共中央关于“十三五”规划的建议明确提出,适当降低社会保险费率,孙洁表示,生育险部分缴费率刚刚降低,这部分很难再降低。医保属于现收现支,目前基金支出压力已经偏大,短期内降低空间也不明显。

但受全面放开二胎的影响,近期生育方面保险支出无疑压力会增大。为了确保基金安全平稳运行,孙洁建议,可确保生育过程中的医疗支出报销比例始终不变,但二胎的生育津贴水平,应略低于初次生育时的生育津贴水平,这样才能确保基金长期支出的平稳合理。

京华时报记者赵鹏

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