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中央部署城市发展:提八字方针拒绝“大洋怪”

2016-02-22 02:57:35    新京报

国家发改委综合运输研究所宏观城市交通室主任程世东表示,这是国家层面对城市交通规划理念的规定,是一个非常大的进步。据程世东介绍,西方国家城市发展一直是小街区,路网密,不会像我们一些城市经常出现交通毛细血管堵塞的情况,“我们国家受历史文化影响,每个街区很大,几百米甚至一公里才有一个小街道,路网密度小,毛细血管不畅,给交通带来一系列问题,也让出行不方便,比如一个主干路有上百米,行动不便的人一个红绿灯很难过去”。

根据文件要求,路网基配的比例将更合理,即主干路最少,次干路多些,毛细血管支路最多。程世东表示,很多年前专家学者就在倡导,但由于阻力较大一直没能成功推行。一是在文化理念方面,影响城市规划和人们的理解,这是问题根源;二是土地在出让方面,应该小块出让,不是大块出让;三是治安、管理等方面,“大院封闭的管理给人感觉更安全,需要的安保和物业也会比较少,如果打开后会遇到很大阻力”。

 十年后三成建筑“搭积木式”建成

“搭积木式”造房子、流水线上“生产”房子,能减少建筑垃圾和扬尘污染的装配式建筑将在未来中国得到推广。《意见》提出,力争用10年左右时间,使装配式建筑占新建建筑的比例达到30%。

据专家介绍,装配式建筑的优点是建造速度快,受气候条件制约小,节约劳动力并可提高建筑质量。

在2015年12月召开的全国住房城乡建设工作会议上,住房城乡建设部部长陈政高曾明确表示,推动装配式建筑取得突破性进展。在充分调研的基础上,制定出行动计划,在全国全面推广装配式建筑。

上海交通大学特聘教授、中国发展研究中心主任陆铭认为,目前国内有些地方已经开始采用这样方式造房子,比如在上海就有很多,因此涉及技术上的问题目前是可以解决的。

但陆铭认为,在建筑质量可以保证的情况下,还要考虑成本收益分析,这种方式是否适用于所有类型的城市,目前看,在劳动力成本比较高,环境压力大的大城市采用装配式建筑会更加有效,因此应该根据具体情况研究如何推行。

城市公园原则上免费向居民开放

未来城市将会有更多绿色“留白”。《意见》提出,要强化绿地服务居民日常活动的功能,使市民在居家附近能够见到绿地、亲近绿地。城市公园原则上要免费向居民开放。

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