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哪些城市是工业大市?上海天津苏州深圳领衔

2016-12-25 16:05:33   

原标题:哪些城市是工业大市:上海天津苏州深圳领衔

第一财经宏观 林小昭 曾纯之

近日关于曹德旺美国建厂的新闻引发外界的广泛关注。这个问题的背后,二三产之间如何协调发展十分关键。尽管我国的三产比重不断提高,但如果过于强调三产,而忽视二产的转型提升,那么三产也就没有了服务的对象和来源。

国家统计局的数据显示,2015年全年国内生产总值676708亿元,比上年增长6.9%。其中,第一产业增加值增长3.9%;第二产业增加值增长6.0%;第三产业增加值增长8.3%。

一二三产比重分别为9:40.5:50.5。第三产业占比首次突破50%。

那么哪些城市的二产比重最高?哪些城市是工业大市呢?《第一财经日报》通过对2015年经济总量最大的29个城市二产增加值、工业增加值等、二产占比等数据的比较发现,上海、苏州、天津、深圳是我国工业增加值最大的4个城市,佛山、泉州、南通、唐山等制造业大市以及中西部的合肥、长沙的二产占比都比较高。

需要说明的是,各个城市的统计公报发布的口径不一,有些城市发布的是工业总产值,有些城市发布的是规模以上工业增加值,但规模以上工业增加值是工业增加值的主体。另外第二产业在我国包括工业(采掘业、制造业、电力、煤气及水的生产和供应业)和建筑业,这其中,工业是绝对主体。由于各个城市的二产数据齐全,因此二产产值及二产占比数据可以视为一个重要的衡量指标。

工业大市:沪津苏深领衔

在不同地区、不同城市之间,二产的占比差异极大。从绝对值来看,有5个城市的二产增加值超过了7千亿大关,其中上海以7940.69亿元高居榜首,天津、深圳、重庆、苏州紧随其后。

从工业增加值来看,上海以7109亿位居首位。上海也是我国民族工业的发祥地,是目前全国最大的综合性工业城市,企业所涉及的行业包括机械加工、冶金、电子、仪表、化工、船舶制造、轻工、纺织、航天航空、医药及医疗器械、印刷、食品加工、服装、石油化工等,重、轻工业各行门类之全堪称中国之最。宝钢、上汽等都是响当当的大型国企。

在上海之后,天津、深圳、苏州的工业增加值也都超过了6000亿大关。这其中,天津的表现十分闪亮。2006年开始,天津成了一颗“耀眼的明星”。在一系列大项目、大投资下,天津的经济2007年开始马力全开,高速增长也吸引了大量的人才和产业工人进入。2010年起,天津取代内蒙古,连续四年增速领跑全国。只在2014年以后,增速第一的位置才被重庆取代。

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