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媒体:印度比中国可怕在哪里?

2017-09-25 07:44:38   澎湃

可是,道理很简单:在现代社会,如果你不懂技术和专业,再会听,就算二十个目一个心,你能听得懂吗?这类用繁体字去攻击简体字,是典型的来自台湾地区管理体系培训的变种。很可惜,现在内地大量流行的企业管理培训,台湾是一个最重要的来源地之一。这种算命式的拆字、附会式的解说,怎么能让我们理解现代管理真正的奥义?本来只用一个人两只眼睛,一定要找来五个人十只眼才能沟通吗?这种沟通的成本和效率会最优吗?知道人家犹太人一个人过来,为什么中国企业需要五个人才能应对?因为别人一个人可以把所有问题全解决了,而中国企业五个不同专业的人过来,也未必能把所有相关问题都覆盖。犹太人同样是专业和管理能力都超强的民族。因为缺乏真正科学专业的管理培训,大量以佛、道、中华传统文化甚至易经、算命、成功学为装点门面的所谓企业培训充斥于中国内地市场。

我第一次出国是去南美。在秘鲁首都利马与国际电信巨头西班牙电信公司(Telefónica)的人开会,讨论我当时负责的传输产品测试问题。我当时刚开始做国际业务不久,英语能力基本全还给老师了。交流中只能偶尔听懂几个单词,但有一个最关键的词我听懂了:“notofficial”,非正式的。结合与当地销售人员的交流,我明白了国际电信企业短名单招标制度与中国项目招标制度的巨大差异,由此写下十多万字的考察报告,成为奠定中兴国际市场走向正规的历史性文献。

当时我们搞不清楚,短名单制度只在一个新技术出现时才会进行,一旦短名单确定,以后就没有招标机会了,只是向进入短名单的企业发PO(订单确认文件),大门就算彻底关上了。在这种招标制度下,不是你靠模仿改进降低成本就能打进这样的市场的。即使你付出艰难努力,让对方把你的产品拿来测试一下,那也只是玩一下而已,是“非正式”的,没有任何实际的商业价值。

做国际市场那么多年,为什么要等我亲自过去,才能理解相应问题,并得到清楚的解释呢?原来那些国际市场开拓人员语言能力都很好,但因专业能力不足,而严重缺乏沟通能力。

开拓国际市场初期,因为相关人员不懂英文,中兴从外语学院招聘了几千名纯粹学语言的学生。但几年之后,这些人基本都离开中兴了,只有极少数努力学习技术知识的人留下。最荒唐的案例之一是,中兴花费了很大代价联系到与一个国家通讯部长见面的机会,见面后部长问:你们公司是做什么的,我们可以有什么合作的机会?但中兴这些纯粹学语言的人什么都答不上来。

我在中兴参加过一次国际市场人员的招聘。有一位国内著名外国语学院毕业的学生,专业是英国文学,而且过了英文专业八级。他的英语能力流利到可以顺畅地讨论巴尔扎克文学作品的程度。但是,他不仅对通信专业一窍不通,而且没有任何工科知识背景,中学学过的物理化学也全还给老师了。精通英国文学这绝对不是坏事,甚至在某些情况下有可能成为市场突破的利器。但很难相信,这样的人进来后,主要靠与客户讨论巴尔扎克作品,就能拿下卖出通信设备的合同吗?这名学生让人感觉非常鸡肋。

中国人在管理上输给印度人,是因为语言能力差吗?如果你听过中国外语学院毕业学生的语言交流就知道,这种说法纯属瞎扯。只要中国学生清楚该学什么,他们会把任何知识包括语言,都学到最极致的程度,但关键问题在于,他们不知道该学什么才能与印度的管理能力相抗衡。对“现代社会需要复合型人才”的呼吁,在中国学术界和教育界早就存在了,但问题在于如何复合?直到今天,包括呼吁的专家自己也没真正明白。

印度人的管理能力并不是在长期历史中自然形成的,而就是印度独立后人为培养的结果。

对沟通来说最重要的不是倾听,而是倾听以后能“理解”。并且听和理解只是沟通能力的一个方面,更难的方面是表达。这更不是只要具备语言能力就足够的。中国人都懂中文,但有几个人善于用中文表达的?你都不理解自己的产品和技术,怎么能把产品的优点表达出来呢?要想表达清楚这些,不仅要理解具体的专业技术,而且要善于比较技术的概念原理,另外还要对市场、客户需求、行业发展等都具有深刻的理解和把握。

印度人管理能力的强大并没有在印度国内充分体现出来,因为太多需要管理的印度人仍是没有经过现代科学和管理培训的底层劳工。但是,当具备超凡脱俗才干的印度管理人才到了国外,这种能力有了其他国家高素质员工的支持,他们就会一飞冲天。美国人提出的概念“中美国”(Chimerica)并未被中国所接受,可是,通过印度人的管理在未来自然形成的“美印度”AI(AmericaIndia),加上人工智能(AI),会使制造业彻底摆脱对普通劳动力的依赖,却可能带来完全不同的格局。仅仅一个印度不会成为中国的威胁,但如果中国未来面对的是AI+AI(美印度+人工智能),那情况就完全不同了。

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