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“种族清洗”?为什么昂山素季会被西方群起攻之?

2017-09-24 07:05:51   侠客岛

罗兴亚人就这样迁居过来了,人数激增。到了20世纪初,若开地区的罗兴亚人已经达到了20多万人,和本地的若开人数量相当。两个族群在资源的争夺上,矛盾已经开始了。所以,罗兴亚人和若开人的矛盾由来已久。

矛盾

罗兴亚人的前辈在二战期间,由于阵营不同,和若开人的矛盾愈发激烈。在英国的帮助下,罗兴亚人成立了“孟加拉V支队”部队,归于英国直接指挥管理。这支部队不仅打击日本法西斯侵略者,还造成了一个重大的人权灾难,驱赶、迫害了大量的佛教徒。

在罗兴亚人问题中,还存在国家领土分裂的一个话题。在二战之后印巴分治期间,罗兴亚人联系巴基斯坦的领袖真纳(后来的巴基斯坦国父)希望把自己居住的地方,携土地并入巴基斯坦。这样的分裂与建立武装团体是不能被缅甸政府容忍的。

在吴努政府时期,罗兴亚人是被政府接纳接受的,和二战后独立建国的缅甸政府关系相对和缓,一部分加入国会,部分罗兴亚人承担政府公职,罗亚兴人除若开邦之外还有其他的合法定居点。

但暂时的缓和缓解不了长期的历史恩怨。就像二战期间日本对中国的所作所为难以被中国人原谅一样,罗兴亚人和若开人两个族群的矛盾和历史上的恩怨很难化解。同时,分裂的问题对于政府来说,同样也是不可容忍的。

再加上,目前罗兴亚人和缅甸的若开族和佛教徒的冲突是造成缅甸国内局势动荡的重要源头,由于政府认可的若开人的世居地位,一定程度也表示出对罗兴亚人的不认可。这样的族群矛盾和争斗,双方也并没有化解和融合的意愿。

同时,若开地区本就经济条件落后,贫穷欠发展,资源有限,罗兴亚人和若开人本身的人口比例规模就不利于若开人发展,这样一来固有矛盾爆发起来会更加激烈,进一步加剧了缅甸社会的动荡。

因此缅甸独立以来,除了吴努时期,大多数军政府时期对于罗兴亚人都持憎恨、保守的态度,不包容不接纳不承认,军政府时期还采取军事上的打击。军政府时期的政策和态度对缅甸民意产生了影响,形成了一定程度上形成了一种针对罗兴亚问题不接纳、不承认的政治正确,即使时候现在的政府也没有办法去改变。部分时期这样的高压政策使得罗兴亚人的反抗意识非常强烈。

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