新闻 > 国际
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20170709/30945445_5.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2025/01/31 12:02:12

Powered by China
China

侠客岛:印度的实力到底怎么样?

2017-07-09 03:52:50   侠客岛

莫迪上台之后,印度教民族主义也在上升,所以包括最近报道的因为吃牛肉而全家被杀的例子,这种报道在印度经常能看到。所以中国人看印度,会觉得印度这个社会太糟糕了。但另外一点也挺有趣,这个国家虽然这么多矛盾、分化,摇摇晃晃的感觉,但也一直在发展。

哈佛大学有个教授,十几年前就写文章说印度一定超过中国。在他看来,理由是印度是民主国家、民主制,保护私有产权、小企业为主,而中国是国企为主,所以他说将来的趋势肯定是印度超过中国。但是现在看来,都过了近二十几年了,印度也没有超过中国,反而差距越来越大,所以简单地从经济学上分析印度也不太能说明问题。

印度不太可能复制中国的经济奇迹。我个人观点是,印度的经济体量没问题,它能往上走,印度现在GDP是世界第六,日本大约是它的三倍。它超过日本没有问题,但是崛起到世界第三就差不多了,因为届时它的大量社会问题都会出现。我们能够快速现代化,很大程度是因为我们整个社会都洗过一遍,没有历史包袱,经济现代化的社会成本比较低。但是印度因为整个社会形态是基本延续下来的,仍然保持着过去的基本形态,在下层社会中更是如此,所以印度整个社会现代化的成本非常高,这也阻碍了它快速地发展。

另外一点是,印度现在才开始搞制造业,已经错过了很好的时机,因为现在都在转向人工智能,要减少使用人工,所以印度现在的人口优势也不一定在未来就是一个优势。你想想30岁的时候需要工作,十年以后如果还没了工作,那届时就会成为社会不稳定的因素了。

目前印度正在说它的人口红利,因为它是世界上所谓最年轻的国家之一。从2020年开始,中国就完全向老龄化方向走,一项研究称印度的人口红利可以持续到2035年左右。它现在拥有大量的年轻劳动力,但劳动力能不能有效就业,这是一个大问题。莫迪的印度制造,如果发展起来,确实能解决大量就业。但是如果发展不了,年轻人没有就业的话,反而是一个社会的大问题。

“中等收入陷阱”这个词,基本上就是为印度这种国家准备的:中央很弱,民主制度也弱。经济发展一点之后,很快整个社会就陷入“不患寡而患不均”,选举制度让大家都想着蛋糕怎么分的问题,而不是集中做蛋糕。

战略

上一页5/8下一页
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20170709/30945445_5.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2025/01/31 12:02:12

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20170709/30945445_5.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2025/01/31 12:02:12

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

印度非法越界还狡辩 外交部用七大真相怼回去

2017-07-07 21:35:16

越南拉印度在南海采油 专家:印方为政治考量不肯走

2017-07-08 03:31:28

中国驻印度使馆发公告提醒在印度中国公民注意安全

2017-07-08 14:56:43

巴基斯坦回应与印度开战:印军无端炮击致5平民死亡

2017-07-08 19:06:43
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20170709/30945445_5.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2025/01/31 12:02:12

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20170709/30945445_5.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2025/01/31 12:02:12

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20170709/30945445_5.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2025/01/31 12:02:12

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20170709/30945445_5.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2025/01/31 12:02:12

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20170709/30945445_5.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2025/01/31 12:02:12

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20170709/30945445_5.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2025/01/31 12:02:12

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20170709/30945445_5.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2025/01/31 12:02:12

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20170709/30945445_5.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2025/01/31 12:02:12

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20170709/30945445_5.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2025/01/31 12:02:12

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20170709/30945445_5.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2025/01/31 12:02:12

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/1000/20170709/30945445_5.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2025/01/31 12:02:12

Powered by China
China