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外媒:缅甸毒品生意重新火爆 主要被民间武装控制

2016-08-01 07:49:10   参考消息

参考消息网3月17日报道 新媒称,中国、老挝、缅甸和泰国政府携手合作,加大力度应对臭名昭彰的金三角毒品生产及贩运等问题。

据新加坡《联合早报》网站3月17日报道,金三角地处缅泰老三国的交界处,此地山高林密,在上世纪70年代成为全球最大毒品生产地之一。大量毒品沿着湄公河流上流下,也会在两岸的茂林里东突西进,进入缅泰老中越柬城乡,有些甚至还会贩运至澳大利亚和新西兰。

报道称,自2011年中老缅泰四国在湄公河开始进行联合巡逻执法后,金三角地区盗匪横行的情景已不存在。然而,在打击贩毒这方面,四国联合巡逻执法却没有取得多大的成效。

2011年10月,两艘搭载13名中国船员的货船在湄公河金三角水域遭武装分子骑劫,13名船员全部遇难。2012年4月,缅甸毒枭糯康及多名主凶被老挝警方擒获,并移交至中国受审。四人被判死刑,2013年于中国云南省昆明市被正法。

报道称,此事件引起了中国政府对湄公河流域航道安全问题的重视。自中老缅泰巡逻船开始在湄公河上巡逻后,原本猖獗的盗劫活动几乎销声匿迹。然而,即便有了中国炮舰和中国武警,金三角的毒品生产和贩运不但没有受到控制,反而死灰复燃。

据联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室(UNODC)估计,东南亚的海洛英和甲基安非他命(methamphetamine、俗称冰毒)交易在2013年多达310亿美元。

该办公室亚太区区长道格拉斯说:“这比东南亚一些国家的经济总量还要大。基本上,这就好像突然冒出了一个没有疆土,却拥有很多钱的国家。”

该办公室最近安排中老缅泰的高级警官和肃毒人员,一同到金三角进行四天视察,研究如何携手合作应对此问题。

参与这次视察的中国国家禁毒委员会魏晓军说,毒品才是湄公河的“主要威胁”。“其实,所有有组织犯罪活动都源自于毒品活动,如人口走私、洗黑钱和非法野生动物贸易等。”

根据官方数据,2013年,当局在东亚和东南亚国家起获的冰毒多达2.5亿颗,这比2008年多了整整八倍。而在同一年,当局起获的冰毒则比2008年多了一倍。

报道称,缅甸是金三角地区罂粟种植面积最大、产量最多,仅1993年就生产了1800吨海洛英,而大部分流向中国。

根据联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室,中国当局在2015年起获了36.5吨的冰毒,其中大部分是来自缅甸的药丸形状冰毒。

缅甸的毒品问题也越来越严重,当地警方去年起获的冰毒创下新高。专家指出,这对即将上任的翁山淑枝政府是个严峻挑战。

报道称,金三角毒品问题近年来卷土重来,主要是因为湄公河沿岸的缅老边界几乎没人看管,这些地区主要由叛军控制,以至于贩毒和洗黑钱等非法活动非常猖獗。此外,地方执法机构资金不足,也没有足够训练,它们所收集到的情报也无法有效地向邻国分享,以致无法有效地对抗毒枭。

尽管中老缅泰的联合巡逻执法曾数次破获大批毒品,但道格拉斯说,四国仍需要进行更多巡逻,更必须懂得协调和分享情报,才能事半功倍。

责任编辑:翟明 CN040
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