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西班牙480万欧元甩卖航母 菲律宾曾对其大感兴趣

2015-12-24 16:22:21   环球网

“阿斯图里亚斯亲王”号航母

“阿斯图里亚斯亲王”号(PrincipedeAsturias)轻型航母离废品场又近了一步。

西班牙国防部长上周宣布,这艘198米长的战舰将以480万欧元的起拍价公开拍卖,最终可能被当作废钢铁拆解。

因“阿斯图里亚斯亲王”号改装出售的计划失败,西班牙政府不得已做出上述决定。《今日西班牙新闻》网站12月18日报道称,2013年退役的“阿斯图里亚斯亲王”号目前停泊在加利西亚的费罗尔港,公开竞标的时间为两个月。

此前曾传出消息,巴西、印尼和菲律宾等多个国家对这艘原西班牙海军旗舰表示出兴趣,但相关传言最终也都不了了之。西班牙政府提供的转让合同中包括由纳万蒂亚船厂对该航母进行整修和升级,费用估计为1亿欧元至1.5亿欧元,而这艘服役了25年的战舰预期寿命仅剩5年。

“制海舰”翻版

西班牙海军是世界上历史最悠久海军之一,但因国力下降目前海军兵力规模已经缩水至2万人。由于国防经费难以承受大中型航母,西班牙海军选择轻型航母作为水面舰艇编队的核心。

“阿斯图里亚斯亲王”号服役之前,西班牙海军已经装备过一艘“迷宫”号航母。“迷宫”号原为美国二战期间建造的轻型航空母舰“卡伯特”号,1965年至1967年在费城造船厂进行了现代化改装,并于1967年8月30日租借给西班牙海军(为期5年),1973年正式卖给了西班牙。

这艘满载排水量仅1.6万吨的轻型航母搭载了20架“海王”反潜直升机和6架AV-8A“鹞”式战斗机,在北约护航编队中承担反潜、反舰和局部制空任务。在西班牙海军服役的22年中,“迷宫”号航母一直担任舰队的旗舰。

在“迷宫”号的替代舰招标中,美国吉布斯·考库姆公司的“制海舰”(SeaControlShip)方案最终胜出。1979年10月,“阿斯图里亚斯亲王”号在西班牙巴赞造船公司开工建造,1988年5月3日正式服役。

“制海舰”是上世纪七十年代由时任美国海军作战部长朱姆沃尔特(DDG-1000驱逐舰首舰以他的名字命名)提出的一种低成本的反潜护航航母概念,计划与“佩里”级护卫舰编组执行护航任务。

这一组合的主要意图是增加护航编队反潜直升机数量来保护运输船队免遭潜艇攻击,并使用舰载垂直起降战斗机驱赶苏联海军的远程海上巡逻机。

“制海舰”的方案在朱姆沃尔特离职之际被推翻,却在西班牙海军找到了翻版的机会。

公开资料显示,“阿斯图里亚斯亲王”号满载排水量约16700吨,载机24架(包括12架AV-8B垂直/短距起降战斗机和12架直升机)。飞行甲板长175.3米,宽29米,舰艏跑道末端加装有一段12°仰角的滑跃起飞甲板。

该舰动力装置为2台LM-2500燃汽轮机,总功率46400马力,单轴推进,最大航速27节,续航力为6500海里/20节。编制舰员600人,另有230名航空人员。

为削减成本,“阿斯图里亚斯亲王”号使用敞开式机库,在二战后的航母中是绝无仅有的。这也使该舰机库面积高于同级别航母,达到2300平方米,最多可存放17架固定翼战机。

责任编辑:李皓 CN002
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