军事 > 军事历史
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China

不当“童养媳”:红军首支正规妇女武装由来

2016-11-22 14:08:19   

1933年,红四方面军在四川省通江县建立妇女独立营,这是中国人民解放军建军史上第一支正规妇女武装

今年88岁高龄的女红军李玉南,是参加妇女独立营的第一批女战士。她指着全国重点文物保护单位——红四方面军妇女独立营旧址石碑,激动地说:“妇女独立营组建一年多时间就壮大扩编为红军妇女独立师!”

随着川陕革命根据地的发展壮大,成千上万的劳动妇女再也不愿当“童养媳”“干女子”,纷纷走出家门踊跃报名参加红军,誓用枪杆子保卫苏维埃政权。

“马有笼头猪有圈,婆娘有个男子汉。”曾是当时这一带妇女地位的真实写照。红军来了后,提出“妇女在政治上、经济上、教育上,与男同志一律平等”。红军还在通江、巴中运用唱歌、演戏等生动活泼的形式,揭露旧社会对妇女的迫害。李玉南说,记得有一首歌叫《丫环走出鬼门关》,歌中写道:“穷人债难还,卖女当丫环;丫环多磨难,血汗都流干;红军来了砸枷锁,丫环走出鬼门关。”

随着根据地的扩大和军事斗争的需要,已经觉醒的广大妇女要求参加红军的愿望越来越强烈,有时一天就有300多人报名。渐渐地,红四方面军领导层也认识到,发展妇女武装是赢得革命胜利的巨大力量,于是有了建妇女武装的想法。但消息一传出,在红军内部和根据地又有了负面的说法。有的说,婆娘们整天叽叽喳喳,能打什么仗;有的说,让女同志加入革命队伍可能会扰乱军心,影响作战。面对种种疑惑,红四方面军总政治部主任张琴秋多次找到总指挥徐向前和川陕省委的领导,她说:“我们党解放妇女,就是要让她们走上政治舞台,把她们组织起来作为革命的力量。参加红军是广大妇女同胞的政治权利,党和红军有责任保护好她们的革命热情。”

1933年3月,红四方面军在总指挥徐向前和川陕省委的直接领导下,从川陕省委机关和众多报名的优秀妇女中,挑选出400多人,在四川省通江县组建了“红四方面军妇女独立营”,下辖四个连。第一任营长陶万荣,政治委员曾广澜。时任红四方面军总政治部主任的张琴秋直接领导妇女独立营的工作。从此,红军第一支正规妇女武装诞生了。

女红军李玉南回忆说,妇女独立营一成立就开始练兵,着重训练跑步爬山、射击瞄准和投手榴弹。特别是缠过足的女战士,训练很吃力,脚上流的血,把鞋子都浸湿了,还不肯休息。

1934年3月,妇女独立营扩编为妇女独立团,1935年2月,合编为妇女独立师,张琴秋任师长,最盛时人数近1万人。次年4月缩编为团,随红二、四方面军北上。1936年10月,该团被编为中国人民抗日红军西路军妇女先锋团。西征途中,妇女先锋团遭敌围困,全团官兵浴血奋战祁连山,最后大部分牺牲。

责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20161122/30047266.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/01/24 12:58:48

Powered by China
China