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揭秘:国民党序列之中凡是带“二”字都是特务机关

2016-11-04 14:28:57   徐焰

中国共产党在夺取革命政权22年的革命战争期间,始终坚持地下斗争,这条秘密战线斗争的成败,也直接影响到革命战争的每一步进程。中国地下组织的缔造者以及后来地下工作整个规章的制定者、领导者毫无疑问是周恩来。

地下工作的任务是什么呢?前些年我们影视作品的拍摄和宣传搞了一个很大的误区,《建国大业》以前让我做参谋,说以前地下工作搞情报,我问过一个影视学院的院长,我说你身为搞影视单位的负责人,地下工作主要任务是什么呢?他说不是情报吗?我说这是很大的误区。毛泽东总结说,有五种任务,党的秘密组织工作,群众的秘密组织工作,党派的秘密联合行动,秘密的情报工作,公开组织与公开的事先秘密准备。按毛泽东讲,情报工作是秘密工作的五大任务之一,而且还是第四位的,把地下工作都认为是搞情报,这是认识的极大误区,主要是现在的影视作品把它炒作成地下工作等于情报工作。

当年在延安的时候,党中央做过情报,中国革命两个方面军,一个是苏区,一个是白区,刘少奇作为代表。隐蔽斗争长时间不好宣传,各国都一样,公开战线的英雄马上可以挂大红花、报纸马上可以报道,隐蔽战线往往几十年才能揭开,战争打胜了也不能揭秘,揭秘了你这套工作方法被别人知道了,别人会防范你的。因此很多秘密斗争的情报,往往过几十年才能揭开。比如怎么破译密码,过了二、三十年才能告诉你怎么破译的,如果战后就公布了,你的对手马上就知道了。因此这个东西,搞起来很多都是无名英雄,公开战是公开的英雄,秘密战是无名的英雄。

解放后,在周恩来组织下,曾经总结过这个经验,但是两次受到冲击,一次是五十年代反地方主义,六十年代批白区经验,直到八十年代十一届三中全会之后,这个经验才比较详细地得到总结。文化大革命中间就是歪曲了,把突出地下工作还是突出武装斗争成为政治问题了,年轻的可能没有看过《红灯记》,当时要求郭建光要打强光,阿庆嫂要打弱光,强光突出武装斗争,连光线都要限制,最后阿庆嫂的任务还要配合郭建光搞武装斗争,这本身是违反地下工作的基本原则。地下党绝不能搞武装斗争,除非革命胜利前夕,地下党和武装斗争马上暴露了,地下工作跟武装斗争本身要分开,这又违反了原则。到了文化大革命期间,打倒刘少奇了,很多白区的工作没有办法总结。

八十年代之后,又出现一个问题,商业化的冲击。八十年代初一个比较有名的电视剧《潜伏在敌营里》,当时风靡一时。当时老一代影视的权威,也是长时间搞地下工作的夏衍看完之后就感叹,说编导太年轻了,不懂得党的地下工作的基本原则,里面用的美色引诱、手枪什么的,都是周恩来规定的党的地下工作不允许采取的原则,他为了刺激眼球,搞了这些东西,本身就是不对头的,把西方007的模式,商业化的刺激,引进到现在的影视作品之中,造成了大量的认识误区。现在有一些影视作品都没有办法看,懂历史的人看了感觉荒诞无稽。

近三十年来,大批暗战片,为了追求刺激和票房价值,胡编乱造。影视作品虚构情节是可以的,故事片嘛,当然可以虚构情节,但是基本的脉络,历史人物的背景应该符合真相,但是在基本原则上,很多的片子都违反了真实历史的走向,当然也有很多好的。我们讲,党的地下工作中心是争取各阶层群众,包括地下工运,发动工人,农运、学生运动、敌工、统战,情报是很次要的任务。

所以我们现在讲起来,要研究这些东西,不是说追求某一个细节。在十五年前我写过两本书,江泽民都给我提过字,一本是在国内出的,一本是在日本出的。江泽民特别讲,你研究战争史,不光是研究过程,要着重总结出规律经验来。

责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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