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揭秘太平洋战争爆发后中共在澳门的秘密活动

2016-11-02 14:21:26   

1941年12月,日本偷袭珍珠港,太平洋战争爆发。英美等同盟国宣布参战,世界格局发生了重大变化。与此同时,日军侵占了英属殖民地香港,澳门一时成为东南亚唯一的“孤岛”。

面对世界格局发生的重大变化,中共中央和国民政府在对内对外政策和策略上都做出了重大的调整。为了进一步收集信息并加强与西方英美盟国的沟通和情报交换,建立世界反法西斯统一战线。1942年初,中共中央决定以朱德为书记,建立中共中央海外工作委员会(简称“海委”)。委员有朱德、叶剑英、何英、李初梨、林仲、黄华、武亭、朱德海、庄然、肖林等人。

在澳门,中共中央南方局负责人周恩来电示廖承志、潘汉年想尽一切办法抢救大批滞留香港的爱国民主人士和文化界人士。澳门成为营救爱国文化人士的重要中转站。夏衍、范长江、梁漱溟、蔡楚生、司徒慧敏、李少石、廖梦醒等数十名爱国民主人士和文化界人士由香港经澳门转往内地。其中不少人士受到镜湖医院和柯麟的接应与掩护。

中共澳门地下党还以各种社会机构,如:学校、报社、洋行等作为掩护,开展各种抗日救亡活动。濠江中学成为中共在澳门的地下交通站,掩护接送不少抗日人士。李少石、廖梦醒夫妇由党安排转移到澳门数月后,曾通过黄健安排在柯利维喇街的一间房子里居住了数月,李少石则留在澳门坚持战斗一年多才转往香港工作。

此外,中共地下党还在澳门开展地下交通和情报工作。1943年初,柯正平(柯平)奉党组织的指派到澳门工作。柯正平到达澳门后,按领导的指示,在柯麟的帮助下站稳脚跟,恢复和加强东江抗日根据地与南路、海南岛等抗日根据地的联系,开辟澳门经广州湾至重庆南方局的地下交通线。

太平洋战争爆发后,黄健继续留在澳门负责情报工作,派人到广州、中山沦陷区收集日伪情报。香港沦陷后,党在香港的情报领导机构和领导人陈曼云撤到广州湾,黄健继续向她提供情报,陈曼云也派人到澳门与黄接头。

中山县五桂山抗日游击队也开展了对澳门的统战工作。1944年1月1日,中山人民抗日义勇大队宣告成立。大队长欧初,政委谭桂明。五桂山离澳门不远,特别是大队领导认为澳门的“中立”地位可以为游击队提供某些有利条件。

1944年春,游击队先后派出郑秀、郭宁等以普通百姓身份进入澳门,建立起一个秘密办事处。

为了防止日军侵占澳门,中共还对其地下党组织进行了疏散,并设法在东南亚和澳大利亚建立我党地下联络机构。

众所周知,香港、澳门长期以来都是中共对内对外进行工作和联系华侨海外建立抗日民族统一战线和世界反法西斯统一战线的重要窗口。对内中共可以吸收华侨抗日捐款,改善我党抗日军队的武器医疗条件,对外可以联络海外侨党,建立地下交通机构进行统战。可以说,太平洋战争爆发后,中共在澳门的总体策略是“党务、外交、侨务、情报四者连环交叉运用”,这为我党以后在香港和澳门开展工作提供了宝贵的历史经验。

责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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