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康有为青岛意外死亡存疑 入葬穿中山装却佩朝珠

2016-10-17 14:31:20   

康有为在青岛的意外死亡,留下了很多疑点与未解之谜。

青岛是一个没有古代史的地方,自1897年胶州湾事件之后,被德国人占领的青岛才成为一个近代史意味很浓的地点,更因康有为的到来身价倍增。

原来,自1898年戊戌变法失败后,康有为逃亡海外16年,至1913年结束流亡生活,暂时定居上海,才稍事喘息。1917年,这位不甘寂寞的中国近现代思想家,突然来了一个大转变,转而协助张勋复辟。当然,一小撮梳着辫子的军队是圆不了这个复辟大梦的;也正是在这一年,辞去孔教会名誉会长头衔的“康圣人”再一次选择逃亡,首次来到了青岛。

1923年,康有为再次来到青岛,认为这里是比当时上海还要好的居住地。其实,他对青岛的偏爱,既有激情,也有精明。他在“家书”中写道:“青岛气候甚佳,顷得一官产屋,名为租,实则同买,园极大,价极少,候数日可得。今各人住客栈极贵,候得屋,当电告,至时可来青岛,实则远胜沪矣,沪无可恋。”

就在康有为写家书,盛赞青岛的宜居指数之际,他还张罗着在济南与青岛两地成立新的孔教会。新会后来改称“万国道德总会”,“康圣人”这一次动作之大,甚至于要将孔圣人之学变作世界显学了。当然,要做好国际文化交流工作,还得有好的交流平台;家书中提到的那所租住的官产屋,就是这样的一流平台。过了一年,他索性花了一千大洋从北洋政府手中买下了这幢德式楼房,还将废帝溥仪结婚时赠给他的“天游堂”三个字悬挂于书斋之中,并将那满园花草的院落,命名为“天游园”,自称“天游化人”。“天游”——在天上游玩,名字取得逍遥自在,可康有为并不是一个真正能置身世外之人,搞政治、做学问、办协会样样做得一丝不苟,在建筑学领域上也毫不马虎,马上就对这所“天游园”进行了改装工程。

原来,康有为买下的这处豪宅,位于青岛市南区福山支路5号,始建于1899年,为德占青岛时期总督府要员的官邸。此楼先后住进数位督军之类的“大人物”,他们最后的下场不是被杀头就是被枪毙,都不得善终,因此人们把它视作“凶宅”。康仔细察考,认为这所宅子犯了“白虎衔尸”的格局,必须重新进行布局、装修,方能逢“凶”化吉。在挂上了御笔“天游堂”之后,龙气自然足了些,也镇了些凶邪;又将马厩改造为二层建筑,楼上住家,楼下随员居住;加之又有第三代“恭亲王”溥伟所赠的许多名贵的雕花红木家具、汝瓷和文房四宝等“贵气”十足的摆设,整个宅院大有富贵逼人来之气魄,“凶宅”自然变作了“福地”。

然而,这样的“福地”在3年后,即见证了康有为的意外死亡。1927年3月18日,康有为在青岛中山路紧邻劈柴院的粤菜馆英记楼吃饭,喝过橙汁后腹疼难忍,当天夜晚呕吐不止,一日本医生诊断其为食物中毒,第二天清晨5时,康“七窍出血而死”。

据说康有为下葬时曾佩一串珠子,可能即是他当年上朝面见圣上的朝珠;还戴一把金锁,这是一位美国华侨送的,是国际文化交流的见证哩。金锁正面刻有“先天下之忧而忧”,背面是“国学大师”四字。康的左右手中还均持有一枚金钱,一枚为日本金币,另一枚为印度金币,这仍然是“万国道德总会”的派头。康全身着中山装,俨然一副新派文人模样;但他的右脚边有一沓蟒袍玉带和很多清朝服装,不知是要追随孙中山先生继续尚未成功的革命,还是梦想着有朝一日仍回金銮殿朝见皇帝呢?总之,康有为在青岛的意外死亡,留下了很多疑点与未解之谜。

肖伊绯 职业作家,独立学者,已出版《在高卢的秋天穿行》、《民国达人录》等十余部作品。

责任编辑:张海潮
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