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周恩来策反国民党东北守军纪事 影响整个黄埔系

2016-10-09 14:24:07   

周副主席给郑洞国的信,对长春守军投诚起了重大的推动作用。根据中央电令精神,我东北野战军总部当即派第一兵团解沛然参谋长为全权代表进城与守军谈判,处理有关事宜。

解沛然进入长春城后,将周恩来给郑洞国的信交给前来接洽谈判的新七军副军长史说。史说看过信后,认为军长李鸿正患病卧床,而他作为副职,号召力有限,难于服众,如果起义,可能会发生动乱,引起内部残杀,所以只能寄希望于兵团领导。可是郑洞国的态度仍很顽固,愚忠“党国”的思想很深。10月18日下午,郑洞国来到新七军军部召集师以上将领开会, 督促按照蒋介石的命令突围。各将领都默不作声,经郑洞国再三催促,副军长史说才开了腔:“眼下官兵饿得腿脚浮肿,行军困难,况且途中还有共军拦截,这些情况你是知道的。”接着暂六十一师师长邓士富站起来大胆地说:“我们的部队不能打了。目前的情况,突围已不可能,建议司令官暂时维持现状,再徐图别策吧。”郑洞国看到会议再开下去也不会有什么进展,故而只好宣布散会,一言不发地冲门而去。

郑洞国兵团之副参谋长杨友梅、新七军副军长史说、参谋长龙国钧、新三十八师师长陈鸣人等,见大势已去,突围不成,守亦不成,生死的抉择摆在面前。本来寄希望于兵团司令员郑洞国,然而郑洞国的态度仍很顽固,于是商定新七军全军自动放下武器,向解放军投诚。

10月19日上午,当解放军按照双方达成的协议,接收中正广场和中央银行大楼时,郑洞国因不知新七军与解放军谈判达成的条件,所以仍率兵团部机关和特务团据守在大楼内,拒绝放下武器。在这种情况下,解放军仍未以武力强攻,而是命令独九师将郑洞国兵团部大楼包围起来,促其变化,尽最大努力争取郑洞国投诚。

郑洞国被围困在银行大楼里,此时已到了上天无路、入地无门的境地。他将长春的全部情况向国民党东北“剿总”做了汇报。不久,杜聿明打来电报,说他拟请蒋介石派直升飞机接郑洞国出去,问有无直升飞机的降落地点。郑洞国复电:“现在已经来不及了,况亦不忍心抛离部属而去,只有以死报命。”

独九师一团担任了包围郑洞国兵团部的任务。他们根据解沛然参谋长的指示,利用海上大楼可直接通郑洞国兵团部的电话,向其展开政治攻势。团政委朱军和团参谋长师镜,与郑洞国兵团部参谋处长郭修甲沟通了联系,双方同意谈判。19日晚8时,郑洞国兵团副参谋长杨友梅派人接解放军代表朱军和师镜去银行大楼谈判。郑洞国兵团部的正式代表为少将参谋处长郭修甲和数位参谋,谈判中他们提出三个条件:(一)放下武器后,要保证所有人员的生命财产安全;(二)郑洞国不在报纸和广播电台发表讲话;(三)对外宣传时,讲郑洞国伤后被俘。

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