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耐人寻味:揭秘解放军炮击金门的前前后后

2016-09-12 14:45:24   

节迫使毛泽东不得不将精力分散开处理此事。7月27日上午,毛泽东写信给彭德怀和黄克诚,推迟了战役的发起时间。

8月6日,美国总统艾森豪威尔得到确切情报:中国大陆方面准备炮击金门。同一天,台湾当局宣布:台澎金马地区进入紧急备战状态。台海局势陡然紧张起来。

8月21日下午,毛泽东在北戴河召集有关人员研究炮击金门的具体方案。根据叶飞将军在1984年回忆,当他汇报完作战计划后,毛主席突然提出了这样一个问题:你们用这么多的炮打,会不会把美国人打死啊?当时,国民党军队中美国顾问配备到营一级。叶飞答道:那是打得到的。主席沉吟半晌,又问:能不能避免打到美国人?叶飞答:避免不了。闻听此言,毛泽东没有表态,只是宣布散会。第二天继续开会时,毛泽东下了决心:那好,照计划打!并要叶飞留在北戴河指挥战斗。

1958年8月23日下午17时30分,炮击持续了两个多小时,发射炮弹3万发,击毙击伤国民党中将以下官兵600余人,两名美军顾问也在炮击中丧生。据说,前线战报传到北戴河时,毛泽东阅后问身边的总参作战部长王尚荣将军:“两位‘大总统’那里有什么情况,请立即告我。”在毛泽东的眼中,此时闪现的并不只是那座小岛,他关注的两个目标,一个在台北,一个在华盛顿。

根据美蒋双方1954年12月4日签订的《美台共同防御条约》,美台之间的战略伙伴关系基本形成。尽管国民党当局公开地为这个条约的签订表示欢欣鼓舞,但私下里,美台双方对于“条约”的解释存在明显的差异。在该“条约”第六条中规定:所谓共同防御的“领土”,“就‘中华民国’而言,应指台湾与澎湖”,这显然就将仍被蒋军占领的金门和马祖等沿海岛屿排除在外。在台湾方面和蒋介石的心中,始终有一个悬念:如果解放军只取金、马而不跨海攻台,美国是否要根据上述条约出兵干涉?

8月23日的17时30分,远在台北的蒋介石刚刚准备吃饭,就收到了金门正在遭受猛烈炮轰的报告。闻听此讯,已是七十古稀的蒋介石先是一怔,不一会儿眉头舒展,连说了三个“好”,随即命令左右:给美国总统艾森豪威尔去讯求援。

炮轰金门前一天,蒋介石巡视金门

人民解放军万炮齐轰金门,打得金门守军措手不及。台湾老兵王先生回忆:“那天,吃过晚饭,几个弟兄又来叫我去散步。我想起床底下还有两件脏衣服要洗,就说:你们先去,我等一下去找你们。我刚给脏衣服抹上肥皂,解放军的炮弹就铺天盖地地飞过来了,打得太准太猛,营区里亮光闪闪一片烟尘,大地像装了弹簧似的一跳一跳的,抖得人都站不住。弟兄们根本没有防备,四下里乱跑着躲避。幸好水房离营房比较远,落弹不多,我就势卧倒,滚到一个一尺来深的地沟里,两只手抱住头,心说:乖乖,听天由命吧!后来知道,出去散步的弟兄们死了好几位,挂彩的就更多了。阿弥陀佛,是那两件脏衣服保了我一命。”

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