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张学良谈国民党为何失败:蒋只用奴才不用人才

2016-04-29 14:37:04   文汇读书周报

“蒋先生不光用奴才,他也听奴才的。我举个例子,那时我们开会,研究一个什么事,陈诚他不咋发言,那我们想他一定是同意了,那蒋先生也不吱声,这个事情不就等于决定了嘛。顾祝同跟我说:‘张先生,你信不信?今天这个会议决定的事,明天就会推翻。’我当时还不信。他说:‘会后啊,他(陈诚)一定到蒋先生那嘀咕去,你看,明天这个事情一定不是这个样。”会开完以后,我就去关内去了,有人告诉我说陈诚去蒋先生那了。这我就明白了,顾祝同说得对呀。“我评论蒋先生,用我们北方话说,蒋先生愿意听小话。你正式跟他说的话,当然他也听,不是不听,但抵不过底下嘀嘀咕咕。”

蒋介石喜欢这种会说小话的人,“所以他用陈诚啊,戴笠啊,他喜欢这种人。”这种人围在蒋介石身边,那真正的人才就不跟他接近了。“咱们中国不是没有人才,这些人才都无处投奔呐。社会上的贤哲,都不在政府里面做事,没有被运用。”

张学良说蒋介石心胸狭窄,不仅用人专用奴才,而且把自己的权力看得过重。西安事变前,“我和蒋先生我们俩吵得最厉害的一个问题,就是‘安内攘外’的问题。要说西安事变有什么秘密的话,最大的秘密就是这几个字。他是先安内后攘外,我是先攘外后安内。……他和我的出发点不同,从个人出发点说,先说我啦,我主要的敌人是日本人,即使共产党跟我们争,他还是中国人。他(蒋)认为日本人可以跟他合作,共产党是他真正的敌人。……我认为共产党是中国人,他认为在中国能够夺取他政权的人,只有共产党。那我就不同了,夺取政权也好,不夺取政权也罢,他(中国共产党)都是中国人,无论如何都是中国人。换句话,这是我说,你的政权就算共产党不夺,也许被旁人夺去呢,你能防得了?”

1936年4月9日,张学良和周恩来在肤施(今延安)会谈,“周恩来有一段话说得特别有意思,他说呀,固然蒋中正他有他的短处,我们对他不是十分赞成,但是我们为抗日非拥护他不行。所以共产党这些地方我佩服,他是为了大局呀。他说,蒋先生如果不‘剿共’,领导全国抗日,还得是他。”

抗日战争一结束,“蒋先生还是要消灭共产党。那时候蒋先生手里有好多的军队,包括重武器啊,像杜聿明,全部美式装备呀。我后来听张治中跟我讲,他说,那时候到东北呀,本来内定是让他去,可后来陈诚不知在里面咋鼓捣的,陈诚去了。张治中说,如果我去,不会落到那样。”张学良的意思是说,蒋介石没有大局观念,只用奴才不用人才。

责任编辑:张海潮
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