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邓小平和陈云如何能成政治生命最长的两个人?

2016-04-19 14:33:40   人民网

1987年,赵紫阳接替胡耀邦担任中共中央总书记。陈云约他来谈话,开头就讲:“我们国家,在目前第一位的领导人是小平同志。” [3](p.360)

(略去230字)

陈云与邓小平在改革开放初期之所以能相互支持与配合,绝不是偶然的,而是有着深厚的历史背景和思想基础的。他们青少年时代有着大致类似的经历:一个在资本主义影响比较深的上海当过学徒,一个在资本主义的法国勤工俭学过,而且都在年纪很轻时便投身革命事业。他们有着共同的信仰:都对共产主义坚信不移。他们有着基本一致的风格:都坚持实事求是,处事公道,不搞小圈子。正因为如此,他们都不赞成延安整风中“左”的做法,在新中国成立初期一起揭发过高岗分裂党的阴谋,又在“文化大革命”中遭受了同样的命运。所有这些,使他们之间建立了政治上的高度信任。

1956年,当中共七届七中全会酝酿八大选举问题时,毛泽东特别就提名陈云为副主席、邓小平为总书记的问题,向全会介绍并高度评价了他们两位。他说陈云“是个好人”,“比较公道、能干,比较稳当”,“看问题有眼光”,“尖锐,能抓住要点”;说邓小平“比较有才干,比较能办事”,“比较周到,比较公道,是个厚道人”,“比较顾全大局”,“处理问题比较公正”。 [12]

50年后,薄一波在《我对陈云同志的思念》一文中,又提到那次毛泽东向大家介绍陈云和邓小平时说过的另一段话:“陈云同志跟邓小平同志,他们是少壮派”,今后要由他们“登台演主角”了。他随即写道:“在改革开放的新时期,小平同志作为党的第二代中央领导集体的核心,陈云同志作为这个领导集体的重要成员,他们卓越地发挥了‘登台演主角'的作用,成功地开创了建设中国特色社会主义的正确道路。”[13]我认为,无论毛泽东的评价还是薄一波的解释,都已为历史所证明。改革开放初期,有邓小平和陈云为国家合作撑舵,这是中国的幸运,中国共产党的幸运,中国人民的幸运。他们合作的成果,不仅为改革开放事业奠定了良好基础,而且直到今天仍然对中国政治生活产生着深远影响,成为留给后人的一份宝贵的政治遗产。

[参引文献]

[1]《邓小平年谱(1975~1997)》上,中央文献出版社2004年版,第156页。

[2]《邓小平年谱(1975~1997)》下,中央文献出版社2004年版,第1295页。

[3]《陈云文选》第3卷,人民出版社1995年版,第244~245、247页。

[4]《邓小平文选》第2卷,人民出版社1994年版,第236页。

[5]《陈云年谱(1905~1995)》下卷,中央文献出版社2000年版,第293页。

[6]《人民日报》1995年6月14日,第1版。

[7]《陈云文集》第3卷,中央文献出版社2005年版,第453~454页。

[8]《陈云传》下,中央文献出版社2005年版,第1473页。

[9]《邓小平文选》第3卷,人民出版社1993年版,第51、52页。

[10]《十二大以来重要文献选编》下,人民出版社1988年版,第1237页。

[11]《十四大以来重要文献选编》上,人民出版社1996年版,第19、20页。

[12]《毛泽东传(1949~1976)》上,中央文献出版社2003年版,第521页。

[13]薄一波:《领袖元帅与战友(图文本)》,中央文献出版社2008年版,第156页。

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