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八路军用辣椒炮弹打碉堡:日军被熏得抱头鼠窜

2016-04-15 14:21:59   中国新闻网

1945年春,日军在太平洋战场上节节败退,为防范美军在华中沿海地带实施两栖登陆,日军将豫东、苏北等地的部队抽回长江下游地区,改由汪伪第二方面军孙良诚部接手相关据点的防务。新四军第三师趁日伪防务交接,战斗力下降之机,发起进攻苏北重镇阜宁的战斗。4月24日午夜,第8旅和第10旅一部分别向阜宁城北据点展开猛攻,至25日中午全歼守敌,同时伏击驰援大、小顾庄的伪军两个团,并乘胜占领城北的炮楼和护城河内侧据点。当日下午,新四军又集中三个团投入巷战,战至26日上午,全歼守敌。随后,新四军继续扩大战果,于4月28日收复盐(城)阜(宁)公路沿线的数十个据点。阜宁之战,新四军毙伤俘伪军2412人,阜宁也成为新四军在苏北敌后战场从日伪军手里解放的第一座城市。

声东击西 围魏救赵

为了打破日军依托据点频繁“扫荡”我根据地的局面,中国军民提出“敌进我进”、“翻边战术”等新颖的作战思路,化被动为主动,把战火烧到敌人后方去。正是基于这种思维,中国军民在攻击平原地区的日伪军据点时往往带有更多战略色彩,不仅追求攻城略地,更要通过主动攻坚,破坏敌人后方补给、通讯、供应,让“扫荡”根据地的日伪军无法继续战斗。在“敌进我进”的战斗中,攻坚不再以拔除或占领敌人据点为目的,而是更讲究消耗和瘫痪敌人的行动能力。

1938年8月,新四军第一支队第二团为配合国民党第79军向苏南丹阳、武进的进攻。决定以主力袭取江苏句容。12日夜,第二团进抵句容城郊隐蔽,按照计划,该团第二营警戒镇江方向,破坏道路桥梁,第三营进袭句容城北机场并警戒汤山、东昌街方向的日军,支队特务连配合地方武装在天王寺至句容之间打援,第一营则负责攻城。

战斗开始后,第一营乘夜架云梯突入城内,顺利占领东南门,第三营随后也入城作战。经过巷战,新四军占领商会及伪自治会大院,日军一部固守楼屋,新四军放火烧屋,烧死日军和汉奸数十人。新四军一直与日军巷战到13日上午9时,然后主动撤出,此战共毙伤日军40余人,新四军伤亡10人。这是新四军首次攻入日占县城,虽未彻底攻占县城,却有力地支援了国民党友军的作战。

1943年1月的剡城战役则是另一个代表作。郯城南邻陇海铁路,是日军在鲁南的重要兵站,常驻日军一个小队和数百名伪军。1943年1月,为了粉碎日军对山东根据地的“扫荡”,八路军第115师第2教导旅决定以主力插入日军后方,夺取守备力量不足的郯城。战斗开始后,突击组迅速越过外壕,抵近城垣,竖梯登城,扫除突破口两侧的日伪军火力点。攻城部队冲入城内,并向纵深发展,残敌向城中心退缩。经八路军政治攻势和连续爆破猛攻,伪军大部瓦解,200余人投降,7名日军被俘,其余敌人全被炸死,郯城得以光复。战斗过程中,打援部队在城西截击由马头镇来援的日军400余人,将其击退。这一战首创了八路军在山东敌后运用“敌进我进”战术攻占城池的范例。

发动群众 众志成城

毛泽东在《论持久战》中指出:“战争的伟力之最深厚的根源,存在于民众之中。”“动员了全国的老百姓,就造成了陷敌于灭顶之灾的汪洋大海,造成了弥补武器等等缺陷的补救条件,造成了克服一切战争困难的前提。”平原敌后斗争中,共产党放手发动群众、充分相信群众,用人民战争的汪洋大海彻底淹没敌人据点。

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