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清朝收复南海诸岛记:驱逐日本人 不慎触暗礁

2016-04-15 14:09:54   中国军网

辞别伏波岛前,李准命人镌上“大清宣统元年广东水师提督李准巡阅至此”于石上。

!

4、海龟叠罗汉

启航不久,来到了另一个小岛,所见林木鸟禽、自然景观,与伏波岛相似,只是地上土层较厚。李准当即命水手掘地,想从地下吸取淡水。

不久,挖井人员欣喜地报告,那里“掘地丈余,即遇淡水”。大家争先品尝,都说水味甘甜。于是,他们就给它取了个美名,叫“甘泉岛”。

甘泉岛的对岸有一个小岛,透过蓝丝绒般的海水,在几十米深处的礁盘上簇生着无数红、白色的珊瑚。它们有的高如松柏,有的矮似灌丛。有的犹如树木分枝,有的却浑圆如蕈,宛如一片海底珊瑚林。色泽鲜艳的鱼群,穿插回游其间,更显得五彩缤纷,瑰丽动人。登岸上岛,又见那里的红白珊瑚遍地皆是。由于这里的珊瑚比其他岛屿更多,因此将这小岛名为“珊瑚岛”。

在《李准日记》里,记载南海物产丰饶的文字极多,现从原文中摘录几节———

“入夜,海天溟濛,涛声起伏。吾久离广州,思念亲友,心思浩茫,难以入睡。出舱室而徘徊甲板之上,忽见海上跃起十数尾(条)飞鱼,掉落于甲板上,犹腾跳不已,渐至气绝,飞鱼最大者长三尺有余,尖嘴长齿,鳍厚且宽……”

“风平浪静之日,官兵水手只要向海里伸出钓竿,鲜有落空之时。钓上来的鱼种类繁多,很多鱼根本叫不上名字。其中,当以石斑鱼最为名贵,其肉质细嫩,烹之鲜美无比。”

“一日,舰队向东沙群岛的黄岩岛方向航行,大家无意中发现一个方圆亩许的岛上竟满是海龟,少说几百只,它们层层叠叠,最高竟达十余米,由于叠得太高了,突然轰然而倒,海龟四散爬去。而在岛礁四周的浅滩海水里还黑压压地挤动着成千上万只大小不一的海龟……”

5、西沙仍有“李准滩”

李准一行辞别珊瑚岛后,又巡视了琛航岛、林岛(今永兴岛)等15座岛屿,历时一个月,所到之处,他们都一一勒石命名,升旗立碑。

在离开大一些的岛屿时,留“牲畜之种山羊水牛各数头”于岛上散放,本想其水草丰足,定能繁衍,但事与愿违,这些岛地面之水皆为咸水,淡水必须掘井而得,所留牲畜因缺淡水均未能存活下来。

这次巡视,李准他们对这些岛屿作了仔细的踏勘和测绘,得到不少有价值的数据,同时还收集到好多珍贵的实物标本。

为了这次踏勘和测绘,早在出航前,李准就命人在广州和天津购得英制测距皮尺、海上定位器、经纬仪等设备。为了便于作定位测量,还专门带有十多名善潜水的水兵。由于他们表现出色,李准还赏给他们不少银子。

这次李准为西沙诸岛的重新命名,皆取自军舰、物产、两广总督、李准及同行诸人的籍贯,像伏波岛(伏波舰)、甘泉岛(掘地得淡水故名)、琛航岛(琛航舰)、丰润岛(张人骏为直隶丰润人)、邻水岛(李准为四川邻水人),霍邱岛(裴祖泽为安徽霍邱人)、新会岛(林国祥为广东新会人)、番禺岛(汪道元为广东番禺人)等。

为纪念李准的功绩,今日西沙群岛内尚有以他名字命名的“李准滩”。

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