军事 > 军事历史
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160412/22418489_4.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/02/03 14:31:34

Powered by China
China

是谁把杨家将最终逼入绝境?

2016-04-12 16:14:39   时拾史事

  杨继业的“杨”音同“羊”,撤到狼牙村时,杨继业想到“羊入狼牙”,心中一阵不快。当他想要撤出狼牙村时,辽军发动了总攻,杨继业也最终在狼牙村被擒。

  这便是正史上“杨无敌”为国征战、不肯归降的真实原貌。史家有的从战略高度上批判宋太宗好大喜功,盲目发动北伐,结果一事无成、损兵折将;有的从用人机制上指责宋太宗设立监军一职,导致潘美不敢否定监军王侁的错误建议,造成了杨继业的兵败;更有甚者抛出了“阴谋论”的说法,认为宋太宗担心杨继业是北汉降将,对其终究不肯完全信任,受意亲信潘美临阵害死杨继业,潘美嫉贤妒能,照办不误。

  澶渊之盟

  这次作战的大胜,在战略和战术两个层面都意义重大。从战略全局的角度来看,此役过后,宋朝更加畏契丹如虎,对与辽军作战产生了强烈的心理阴影,到了十几年后萧太后率军大举南下,宋真宗和满朝大臣们惊慌失措,有的主张投降求和,有的主张迁都逃跑,除了寇准外居然无人敢战,等到宋辽签订澶渊之盟,宋朝以极其屈辱的条件换得与契丹的和平相处,满朝君臣居然如释重负、喜不自胜,澶渊之盟,从某种意义上来说,就是高梁河之战和幽州保卫战的军事遗产。从战术层面来看,契丹心目中的宋朝第一勇将“杨无敌”兵败被擒,曹彬、潘美这样的开国名将在辽朝的军力面前显得有心无力,对于宋朝的人才储备和有生力量造成了巨大的损伤。对于这些种种的优势,耶律斜轸自然称得上是功不可没。

  到了小说演义和戏曲中,潘美便成为了潘仁美,变成一个里通外国、构陷忠良的大奸大恶之徒。以杨继业为原型的杨家将,进一步被拔高为战死沙场、惨遭迫害的忠臣勇将形象。幽州一战,杨家父子七人上阵,五人身亡,一人被俘,仅六子杨延昭幸免,将其悲剧英雄的形象刻画得淋漓尽致,体现了百姓对忠臣与英雄朴素美好的敬意。不过,无论小说戏曲如何改编,有这样一点是共同的,那就是最终在战场上使杨家将陷入绝境的,都是辽朝名将耶律斜轸,因为就如罗贯中再怎么“尊刘抑曹”,也不能把蜀汉统一三国作为结局一样,历史的客观事实,是早已确定的。

  耶律斜轸一生的主要功绩,主要体现在对宋作战的过程中。作为战败者的杨继业在死后千古留名,杨家将的故事家喻户晓、脍炙人口,但作为胜利者的耶律斜轸,则显得有些暗淡了。耶律斜轸去世时,萧太后亲自主持葬礼,赐予棺木,声泪俱下地称耶律斜轸为“久经考验的契丹勇士”、“大辽军队的优秀将领”。《辽史》中毫不吝啬地称耶律斜轸“虽配古名将,无愧矣”。

  正是:古来多名将,

  山西作战场。

  秦者武安君,

  长平迫敌降。

  斗转斯人逝,

  燕赵暮风凉。

  契丹有勇士,

  功成名留芳。

  头条签约作者:时拾史事 ,转载需注明出处

上一页4/4下一页
责任编辑:周健 CM025
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160412/22418489_4.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/02/03 14:31:34

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160412/22418489_4.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/02/03 14:31:34

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160412/22418489_4.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/02/03 14:31:34

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160412/22418489_4.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/02/03 14:31:34

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160412/22418489_4.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/02/03 14:31:34

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160412/22418489_4.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/02/03 14:31:34

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160412/22418489_4.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/02/03 14:31:34

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160412/22418489_4.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/02/03 14:31:34

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160412/22418489_4.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/02/03 14:31:34

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160412/22418489_4.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/02/03 14:31:34

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160412/22418489_4.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/02/03 14:31:34

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160412/22418489_4.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/02/03 14:31:34

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160412/22418489_4.html
Server: cms-9-158
Date: 2026/02/03 14:31:34

Powered by China
China