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拿破仑临终不忘广州人 曾经斥责侵略中国是最蠢的事

2016-04-06 16:17:23   赵立人

核心提示:拿破仑以轻蔑的口气评论说:“要同这个幅员广大、物产丰富的帝国作战是世上最大的蠢事。”拿破仑临死之前,在床上叹气说:“我那些不幸的中国人啊!不当忘记他们;给他们十余或廿余个金币,而且为我向他们诀别!”

拿破仑 资料图

本文摘自:《羊城晚报》2012年1月7日第B10版,作者:赵立人,原题为:拿破仑临终不忘广州人

叱咤风云的一代雄主拿破仑,在1815年滑铁卢战役失败后,被流放到英属南大西洋小岛———圣赫勒拿岛,并在那里长眠。这一事件,到今天还有余波。远在1502年,葡萄牙人最早到达圣赫勒拿岛,这个曾被荷兰人占领,又被英国东印度公司占领的小岛,十九世纪成为英国直辖殖民地,由英国派任总督管辖。直到2006年7月,岛上人口7502人,华人和印度人共占25%。

小说,不约而同地对准了拿破仑和中国人

1998年春,法国作家勒内·韩的《圣赫勒拿岛上一个中国人》(中文翻译本改书名为《乾隆遗子与拿破仑》)出版了。勒内·韩,中文名韩辉,1930年生于法国,生父韩涵和生母张梦蕙都是中国留学生,他们在1934年回国,却把儿子韩托付给一个法国农民高铎寄养。韩毕业于有名的法国国立政治学院,后出任国家电视三台台长,曾发表自传体小说《勃艮第的一个中国人》,荣获“法兰西学院文学大奖”和“扶轮国际文学奖”。

《圣》小说的主人公君昱,历乾隆、嘉庆、道光三朝。1810年,40岁的君昱受嘉庆帝派遣,搭乘东印度公司商船,前往英国一探虚实,却被英国水手偷走了所有钱财又被赶下船,成了圣赫勒拿岛上的奴隶,与拿破仑相遇。1821年,拿破仑病逝。君昱自愿为拿破仑守墓20年,直到这位皇帝的遗骨被运回法国,才离开孤岛,回到阔别30年的故乡中国热河。

另一部小说则是2010年法国医生布伦的作品《拿破仑的中国间谍》,故事时间是1815年10月,拿破仑被押解到圣赫勒拿岛上至1821年5月客死孤岛期间。岛上的600多名广东人由3名年长的头领管理,一切规矩如在大清国土。陈晋(ChenJin)是嘉庆帝的老师之子,嘉庆帝幼时的陪读。他接受皇帝旨意来到岛上,暗中搜集英国情报。当拿破仑与从中国归来的英国使臣阿美士德,谈论中国的时候,陈晋正好在场。他听了拿破仑的话后,认为拿破仑可以成为大清国的盟友。从此,变成了拿破仑的耳目,在假装不懂外语的掩护下,为拿破仑搜集情报,拿破仑也对陈晋信任有加,向他传授挫败英国人的机宜。拿破仑还爱上了一个中国头领的侄女依莲(YiLian),这位美丽的姑娘成为拿破仑最后的爱人。

历史,曾有23位广府人在囚禁拿破仑房里工作

为什么法国人的小说都不约而同对准了拿破仑和中国人,因为历史曾有过类似的真实事件———

1810年,东印度公司从我广州黄埔运去几百名苦力到圣赫勒拿岛当建筑工人。拿破仑被囚在圣赫勒拿岛上时,曾宴请路过那里的英国海军军官巴塞尔·贺尔舰长。当时拿破仑指着窗外花园中的中国花匠对贺尔说:“你看,这些人很善良。他们有才能、智慧和自尊心,决不会长期像这样受英国人或其他任何西方人奴役。”(陈翰笙:《“猪仔”出洋———七百万华工是怎样被拐骗出国的》)

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