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国军常胜将军黄百韬自杀:望眼欲穿援兵没来

2016-03-10 16:42:39   中国新闻网

当时就在黄百韬身边的国民党第25军代理军长、后来被俘的楚轩吾回忆:“黄百韬这时已经完全失去了最初的镇静。他像一头被囚在笼子里的野兽一样。披着军大衣在深沟中转来转去。不许任何人向他转达解放军的劝告和递送打到阵地上来的传单。”

彻底绝望之际,黄百韬拔枪自杀。

楚轩吾回忆:“这一枪他是从嘴里打进去的,因而保持了面部的完整。鲜血翻着泡沫从他嘴里流出来,他两眼老泪横流地看着我,已经什么话也说不出来了。”

楚轩吾回忆:“我将他的头紧紧抱在怀中,他眼睛中的神色在迅速地消失,猛然头一歪,手枪哗啦一声掉在了冻硬的土地上,黄百韬就这样死在我的怀中,我将他慢慢放在地上。脱下大衣覆盖在他的脸上。”

自杀前,拿出名片一张,在背后写上“黄百韬尽忠报国”,交给国民党第25军副军长杨廷宴,请其转交蒋介石。

至此,黄百韬兵团12万人,全部被华东野战军歼灭。

据战后化装逃跑的杨廷宴回忆,黄百韬临死前对他说:“我有三不解:(一)我为什么那么傻,要在新安镇等待第44军两天;(二)我在新安镇等两天之久,为什么不知道在运河上架设军桥;(三)李弥兵团既然以后要向东进攻来援救我,为什么当初不在曹八集附近掩护我西撤。”

对黄百韬而言,他的“三不解”,永远不可能找到答案。在黄百韬的追悼会上,蒋介石痛哭“黄埔精神不死”。

“这是一个笑柄。”王楚英说,因为黄百韬并不是黄埔军校毕业生,蒋介石的意思是希望以黄埔军校生为主的嫡系之中,也有人能如黄百韬一样战死沙场,成全黄埔军校的面子。

具有讽刺意味的是,1个月之后,蒋介石的黄埔好学生——第12兵团司令黄维,就是不“杀身成仁”,活生生地成了解放军的俘虏。

在65天的淮海战役中,蒋介石损兵折将555万,将以上军官被俘的就有98人,其中还包括徐州“剿总”副总司令杜聿明,自杀的仅2人。

刘峙逃到南京后,挨了蒋介石一顿臭骂,心灰意冷,带着妻子黄佩芬经上海、南昌、吉安、广州逃往香港九龙,最后逃到印度尼西亚过起了流亡生活。

1953年,刘峙多次找到何应钦、顾祝同,请他们向蒋介石说情,才获准回到台湾定居。1971年,他病死台湾。

围歼黄百韬,华东野战军一些部队也有不小的伤亡。

“这第一阶段最紧张的12个日日夜夜,那是白天必打,夜晚必攻,战斗进行得特别紧张、激烈,伤亡也特别大。”秦镜回忆。

“我们这个团没有百人以上的伤亡或几百人伤亡的代价,是过不了一夜的。”秦镜至今难忘当年的炮火硝烟,“空前的伤亡,为历次战役战斗所少有。”老人回忆:“打完黄百韬兵团下来,我在全团干部、战士庆功大会上讲话,看见我们团每个班,除站在最前头第一名的班长,一般还是穿着我军战前的军衣军帽的老兵外,后面的副班长只有一少部分还是我们的老战士,其他战士都是新补充进来的解放战士。”

多年以来,粟裕和他的夫人楚青谈到淮海战役时,说他紧张过两次,第一次,就是围歼黄百韬兵团……

“第二次,就是后来追击杜聿明集团。”秦叔谨说。

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