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国军常胜将军黄百韬自杀:望眼欲穿援兵没来

2016-03-10 16:42:39   中国新闻网

黄百韬战死后遗留的照片。来源:资料图

“最后一天,他完全绝望了。”作为当年粟裕身边的技术侦察参谋,84岁的老兵徐充和他的战友们,几乎侦听到了国民党第7兵团司令黄百韬自杀前的所有电台来往。61年前,开国大将粟裕指挥华东野战军的几十万大军,把国民党中将黄百韬的12万军队,紧紧包围于徐州以东的碾庄圩地区。

经12天激战,黄百韬兵团全军覆灭。

绝望之中,蒋介石眼中的“常胜将军”黄百韬,把腰间那支冰冷的小手枪对准了自己的脑门……

至此,淮海战役第一阶段结束,人民解放军已经取得兵力优势,牢牢掌握了战役主动权。

蒋介石五虎上将之一、国民党徐州“剿共总司令部”总司令刘峙承认:“黄(百韬)兵团覆没,所谓徐蚌会战的命运已经决定了。”

49天之后,淮海战役胜利结束。

远在莫斯科的斯大林闻听此讯,在记事本上写道:“60万战胜80万,奇迹,真是奇迹!”

当一代伟人毛泽东,接受华东野战军代司令兼代政委粟裕关于举行淮海战役的请示电之后,他就在考虑,首战打谁?

深思熟虑之后,毛泽东给粟裕去电:“本战役第一阶段的重心是集中兵力歼灭黄(伯韬)兵团,完成中间突破。”“这种战法,体现了毛主席一贯的用兵原则。”军事科学院百科研究部原副部长王辅一少将认为,就是“先打分散和孤立之敌,后打集中和强大之敌”,以及“集中优势兵力,各个歼灭敌人”的原则。

78岁的王辅一,当年是华东野战军政治部主任唐亮的秘书。

“徐州东西两侧的4个兵团中,数黄百韬第7兵团离徐州最近,而他的东面是滔滔大海,最适合成为首歼目标。”86岁的秦叔谨,作为一名跟随了粟裕10余年的作战参谋,亲历了那场惊心动魄围歼战的日日夜夜。

“黄百韬兵团不是蒋介石的嫡系部队,一旦被围,邱清泉、李弥等都不会尽全力相救。”曾任国民党陆军总部办公室主任的王楚英分析认为,毛主席的这一招实在高明,悟透了蒋介石的为人和作战心理。

84岁的南京市政协专员王楚英说:“关于这一点,蒋介石、刘峙、杜聿明等人一开始并没有判断出来。”

“他们认为,人民解放军的首要目标是夺取徐州。”1954年经香港起义归国的王楚英说。“错误的判断,导致错误的决策。”王楚英说,刘峙深恐徐州陷落,急忙下令李弥、黄百韬、邱清泉、孙元良等兵团向徐州周围各指定地点集结,保卫徐州。

就在此时,一记重锤沉重地打在蒋介石、刘峙等人的心口上。

战役开始后第三天,中共秘密党员、刘峙所属第3绥靖区副司令何基沣、张克侠率部23万人,在贾汪、台儿庄地区,举行战场起义。

毛泽东称何基沣、张克侠起义是淮海战役的“第一个大胜利”。

就在黄百韬在兵团部驻地新安镇准备西渡运河,朝徐州方向西撤之时,南京国防部却命令他等待由海州西撤的第44军。

“黄百韬准备从新安镇向徐州方向逃跑,是我们侦察到的。”76岁的徐法全,当年是华东野战军山东兵团特务团侦察员。

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