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高4米长1千米:英法想用“加来城墙”阻难民

2016-09-23 13:13:16   人民网

此前,法国政府已多次表示要设立更多安置点转移并清理加来“丛林”难民营。法国内政部长卡泽纳夫日前重申,将逐渐缩小加来附近“丛林”难民营的规模,并把难民转移至境内其他安置点。巴黎市长伊达尔戈也于本月初宣布,巴黎地区耗资650万欧元的第一座难民营将于10月中旬开放,为数百名难民提供可以短暂停留的栖身之处。

英国方面也十分担心加来的难民涌入英国境内,因而出资修建加来城墙。事实上,移民以及难民问题已经成为英国民众心头的一根刺,英国民众公投选择脱欧背后的很大一个原因就是担心欧洲的移民以及难民涌入英国。

英国移民大臣罗伯特·古德威尔在议会上表示,加来城墙的修建可以减少半数偷渡客,保护司机安全。英国内政部表示,此举可以防止偷渡者试图用投掷物毁坏、延误车辆,甚至袭击司机。

值得注意的是,在难民危机影响下,奥地利、匈牙利、斯洛文尼亚、黑山共和国等欧洲国家此前都在难民前往欧洲的巴尔干通道设置围墙或铁丝网,此次英法两国的做法或会产生更大的示范和外溢效应。

引发不同声音  效果有待检验

在此次欧洲难民危机中,英国政府一直采取谨慎防备的态度。根据英国广播公司的数据,2015年全欧洲共接纳批准了29万难民申请,英国仅仅接纳了1.3万人,较德国的14万人相去甚远。本月17日,有上千名英国民众在议会大厦前游行,呼吁英国安置更多难民。不过,英国天空卫视的调查显示,63%的英国被调查民众不希望英国接纳更多难民,这一比例较去年增长了16%。对于修建“加来城墙”,英法两国民众也有不同声音。

英国慈善组织表示,这一举措只会迫使滞留加来的绝望难民采取更加危险的方式偷渡,修建城墙治标不治本,甚至可能导致问题更加严重。英国道路运输协会的成员表示,修建这堵墙只是“可耻地浪费了纳税人的钱”。慈善组织“帮助难民”称,“我们再一次失望地看到,金钱以及资源都被用于修建城墙拦阻可怜的人,而不是用于帮助和照料这些脆弱、流离失所的人们”。世界医生组织执行总裁利·戴恩斯表示,“用英国纳税者的钱在法国修建防护墙的做法是滑稽的,城墙不是解决加来人道主义问题的答案”。

伦敦政治经济学院欧洲研究所教授贝格·伊恩对本报记者表示,修建隔离墙不能有效解决加来的难民危机,这一做法仅仅只针对港口面临的偷渡压力,但无助于解决数量如此众多的难民聚集问题。他表示,唯一有效的措施是有效疏散难民。

加来的人道援助工作者弗朗索瓦·盖诺克认为,修建隔离墙只会导致想搭上前往英国汽车的偷渡者更加铤而走险,无论在哪里修墙,人们总有办法翻过去,这纯属浪费钱,也将使难民面临更多危险、抬高摆渡人报价。

卡车是难民主要盯梢的摆渡车,代表卡车司机的货物道路运输协会也对“加来城墙”持怀疑态度,其发言人表示,与其把这么一笔钱花在修建隔离墙上,不如用于加强周围的道路安全。

责任编辑:秦涛 CM006
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