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安倍当日本首相3年都干了啥?

2016-01-18 10:44:20   新华网

2015年9月19日凌晨,日本自民和公明两党执政联盟不顾在野党和日本民众的强烈反对,强行表决通过了新安保法案。新安保法解禁了集体自卫权,改变了日本战后的“专守防卫”安保政策。有了这个新安保法,日本即可根据新的宪法解释,即使在没有遭受直接攻击的情况下,只要发生所谓“日本的存立遭受威胁的危机事态”,就可行使集体自卫权。同时,新安保法也扩大了日本自卫队在海外行使武力的范围。

五、通过《劳动者派遣法》修正案

2015年9月11日,日本正式通过了《劳动者派遣法》(劳务派遣法)修正案,进一步放宽了企业在雇佣劳务、派遣员工方面的限制,力图以此推动日本企业更加灵活、有效地雇佣劳动力。但是该法案只照顾到用工企业和劳务派遣单位的利益,未能有效保护一般劳务派遣人员的权益,有可能造成派遣员工与正式员工同工不同酬问题的严重化、派遣员工就业的不稳定及转岗为正式员工机会的减少,因而被日本工会、劳动律师团体和普通劳动者批评为“恶法”。

六、通过女性活跃推进法

2015年8月28日,日本参议院全体会议以多数赞成通过了“女性活跃推进法”,要求员工在301人以上的企业查清男女员工劳动时间及持续工作年数之差别、录用者及管理层中女性所占比例等现状,明确应该改善的地方,在此基础上汇总数值目标并落实于行动计划之中,并且要将情况对外公布。

制定和通过该法的目的是增加就业和升迁机,发挥女性能力,在人口减少引发劳动力不足的情况下,维持日本社会的活力,为女性创造能兼顾工作和育儿的环境。

七、推出新的《农协法》

日本政府近年来加大了农业改革的力度。例如对农协组织进行改革,逐步放开对农业经营的限制,以增强产业竞争力。 2015年8月28日,日本通过新《农协法》,使农协改革迈出实质性步伐。这是安倍政权实行经济增长战略的一个组成部分。新法内容的重点是,日本全国农业协会中央会(JA全中)转型为一般社团法人、地方农协接受注册会计师审计。

八、推出《公职选举法》修正案

2015年6月17日,日本国会参议院通过《公职选举法》修正案,将选举投票年龄从现行满20岁下调到满18岁。这是日本1945年将投票年龄从25岁降至20岁以来,时隔70年再次下调选举投票年龄。

新法将适用于国会选举、地方行政长官和地方议会选举。预计2016年夏季的参议院选举将首次应用新法。但是,享有被选举权的年龄下限维持原状,即当选众议员需年满25岁,当选参议员需年满30岁。

九、推动《特定秘密保护法》生效

2014年12月10日,安倍政权使严惩泄密行为的日本《特定秘密保护法》正式生效。该法主要以防卫、外交、防止间谍行为、反恐这4个领域为对象,允许将政府判定为有必要保密的安全相关信息指定为“特定秘密”,原则上最多可保持30年不公开。在日本舆论看来,该法存在“政府根据自身判断来扩大保密的指定范围和保密期限、损害国民‘知情权’和‘报道自由’”等隐患。

十、推出能源战略规划

2014年4月11日,安倍政府在内阁会议通过了新《能源基本计划》,将核能定位为“重要的基荷电源”,彻底转换了前执政党民主党提出的“零核电”政策。这是福岛第一核电站发生事故后,首个有关能源的基本计划,提出了“3E+S”(Energy security,Environment,Economic efficiency,Safety),即能源保障、环境、经济效益和安全的方针。

责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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