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俄总统普京就克里米亚独立并加入俄罗斯演讲

2014-03-27 18:43:54   环球网

顺便说一下,在克里米亚半岛今天的220万居民中,有近150万的俄罗斯人,35万以俄语为母语的乌克兰人,还有29-30万克里米亚鞑靼人,公投已经表明,这些人中相当一部分期望加入俄罗斯。

是的,曾经有过一段时间,克里米亚鞑靼人受到了非常残酷地对待,就像苏联的其他民族一样。我只说一点:当时受到镇压的有成百万的不同民族的人,当然其中也有俄罗斯人。克里米亚鞑靼人已经回到了自己的土地。我认为,应当采取一切必要的政治与法律手段来恢复克里米亚鞑靼人的权利与英名。

我们将会满怀尊敬地对待居住在克里米亚的少数民族。这是他们共同的家园,他们的小小祖国。我知道克里米亚人会支持这一点:在克里米亚将有三个地位平等的官方语言--俄语、乌克兰语和克里米亚鞑靼语。(掌声)

 尊敬的同事们!

在克里米亚人民的心里,在他们的记忆里,他们曾经是,也始终是俄罗斯不可分割的一部分。这份信念建立在真理与公平的基础上,它无可动摇、代代相传,在它面前,任何时间与环境变迁都是无力的。我们在二十世纪一起经受了许多动荡与变革,但这些变化也无力改变这份信念。

(十月)革命后,(苏联)共产党将俄罗斯南部一大块划入乌克兰版图,上帝会论断此事--这是无视当地人口构成所做出的举动,今天,这块土地成为了乌克兰的东南部分。1954年,根据将克里米亚划入乌克兰的决定,塞瓦斯托波尔也同时被移交给乌克兰,尽管当时塞瓦斯托波尔还是从属于俄罗斯的。提出这一决定的是苏联共产党总书记赫鲁晓夫。是什么推动了他做出这一决定?是为了在乌克兰赢得自己的声誉?还是为了自己30年代在乌克兰组织大规模镇压的举动赎罪?这一点让历史学家来研究吧。

对我们来还有一点很重要:这个决定(把克里米亚交给乌克兰)明显有违宪法,即使在当时也是如此,这是私相授受。自然,在极权国家里,克里米亚和塞瓦斯托波尔的居民无处申辩,摆在他们面前的只有既成事实了当时在百姓中也产生了疑问:克里米亚怎么突然归乌克兰了?当然,当时从宏观视角来看,这个决定也只是表面文章,要知道这都发生在一个巨大的国家之内。只是当时完全不能想象,乌克兰和俄罗斯会有一天成为两个不同的国家。然而,这件事还是发生了。

令人惋惜啊!那些看似不可能的事情成为了现实。苏联解体了。这件事发生得如此之突然,很少有人明白这过程与结果是多么戏剧性。许多俄罗斯人、乌克兰人和其他共和国的人民期待新的联合,期待独联体会成为新形式的国家共同体,毕竟独联体承诺使用统一货币、统一的经济空间和共同的武装力量。可是这一切都只是(空头)承诺罢了,我们并没有看到一个新的庞大联盟。这样,克里米亚就突然就成为另一个国家的国土了,俄罗斯这才意识到,克里米亚不仅仅是被偷走了,而且是被抢走了。

必须面对这样的事实:俄罗斯自己促成了苏联的解体,却丢下了克里米亚和黑海舰队的基地--塞瓦斯托波尔。成千上百万的俄罗斯人在一个国家上床睡觉,醒来时却已身在俄罗斯之外了。俄罗斯人一瞬间就在过去的共和国里成为了少数民族。俄罗斯民族成为了世界上最分裂的民族。

今天,许多年过去了,我听说,在1991年时,克里米亚人像一袋土豆一样被踢来踢去。对这个说法,我认为很难有更贴切的比喻。作为国家的俄罗斯是什么?是那时的俄国吗?俄罗斯低下了头逆来顺受,将委屈吞了下去。我们国家当时处在一个沉重的状态,完全不能保护自己的利益。但是,人们却不能忍受如此明目张胆的历史不公正。这些年,许多俄罗斯公民和社会活动家不止一次地提出了这个议题,他们说,克里米亚自古以来就是俄罗斯的土地,而塞瓦斯托波尔是俄罗斯的城市。

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