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长征七号火箭女设计师负责安装近两万个螺钉无差错

2016-09-23 09:22:14   央视

央视网消息:在中国航天科技集团运载火箭技术研究院 CZ-2F箭体结构设计师队伍中,有这样一位年轻的副主任设计师。她性格爽朗,对待工作永远充满激情、拼搏进取,她热情周到,对待生活总是积极乐观、面带微笑。她参加工作仅七年的时间,却参与到了多个重点型号的研制工作,她用默默无闻的工作态度和无私奉献的工作热情,诠释着年轻一代的航天人精神。她就是CZ-2F型号箭体结构副主任设计师—王会平。

“脚踏实地,勤以补拙”是王会平的工作哲学。入职不满三年的时候,她就成为了CZ-2F载人运载火箭型号年轻的副主任设计师。为了使自己更快熟悉业务,顺利地转换角色,在火箭产品验收和出厂前的各项评审和质量复查工作中,她边学边干,在实战中迅速成长,拓宽思路、深挖细节、细致复查、严把质量,很快就对结构系统全局和方方面面的细节悉数掌握。

我的螺钉我负责

自遥九火箭起,CZ-2F型号提出箭上连接螺栓定力矩量化控制要求。火箭结构全箭40多个部段产品涉及螺钉(栓)安装紧固件19900多件,这些螺钉具有连接,承载、密封等作用,是整个箭体结构不可或缺的一部分,螺钉连接的失效很可能会导致箭体结构的破坏失效、机构连接失效或者贮箱密封失效。如何有效做到螺钉拧紧力矩量化控制是个比较棘手的问题:若力矩值太小,则螺钉不能完全拧紧,导致连接失效或密封失效;反之,力矩值太大,则螺钉的预紧拉力太大,容易造成螺钉断裂。而影响螺钉拧紧力矩的因素非常多,连接部位不同、螺钉规格不同、材料不同、表面状态不同等都直接影响到力矩值的制定,因此,全箭螺钉定力矩量化控制问题不仅难度大而且风险高。

作为箭体结构副主任设计师,王会平下决心要啃下这块硬骨头。她多次组织专业人员对该问题展开研讨,为了对螺钉拧紧力矩问题进行深入的研究,在进行工程力矩复测的同时还开展了理论研究工作,从理论上分析了螺纹连接预紧力和拧紧力矩的关系。梳理出全箭各部段连接螺钉用途、安装位置、数量、规格、防松措施等设计参数,策划了紧固件连接螺钉拧紧力矩试验,设计了50余种工况、150余件试验件、1500余套紧固件,一边做试验,一边摸索规律,一边调整试验方案。试验陆续开展了2年,通过对试验结果数据分析,研究了各种影响因素对力矩-拉力关系的影响,结合工程实测的数据,确定了全箭各部位、各规格螺钉的拧紧力矩。通过她和全体设计师队伍的努力,CZ-2F火箭结构部段螺钉紧固件实现了100%力矩量化控制,有效保证了箭体结构连接和密封的可靠性,提高了火箭产品质量,也在贯彻型号量化控制的道路上迈出了有力的一步。

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