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香港候任议员鼓吹“自决” 港媒:违宪 随时被取消

2016-09-22 10:17:54   观察者网

首先,香港不是殖民地。香港被英国占领是鸦片战争遗留下来的问题,是英国人通过战争逼迫清政府签订不平等条约强行“租借”的土地,联合国早在1972年就已经把香港从殖民地名单除名。

其次,香港不是一个民族。“民族”是经长期历史发展而形成的稳定共同体,在文化、语言、历史或宗教与其他人群在客观上有所区分的一群人。香港虽然是国际大都会,是中西文化的交汇点,但与中国内地同宗、同源、同文、同习俗,文化的主体是中华文化,生活习俗与广东相同。所谓“香港民族”是没有事实支撑、不被世人认同的。

再次,香港主权移交中国已得到了国际社会的普遍承认。1984年中英签署《联合声明》,英国归还香港,中国政府已把联合声明送到了联合国备案,国际机构肯定了中国对香港的主权,且所有与中华人民共和国建交的国家均承认中国对香港的主权。

最后,领土原则优先于自决原则。所谓“人权高于主权”的说法只是个别国家的主张,世界大多数国家并不接受。关于人权公约,在1975年签署的《赫尔辛基最后档》中,联合国、国际法院、国际法专家等均认为,自决原则与领土完整原则之间并没有矛盾,领土完整原则优先于自决原则。

由此看来,“香港自决”的议题于国际法无据,不会得到国际社会支持。

“香港自决”没有存在的空间

罗冠聪在表达了“自决”的想法后,又说“希望推动《香港约章》,补基本法之不足”。此说法不符合逻辑。“约章”的核心内容是“自决”,“自决”违反基本法,两者是对抗关系,并非补充关系。

首先,香港没有自决权力。基本法第1条规定:“香港特别行政区是中华人民共和国不可分离的部分。”所谓“不可分离”,就是说在任何情况下,中国对香港都拥有主权,只要中华人民共和国存在一天,对香港拥有主权就拥有一天,任何国家没有权利剥夺中国对香港行使主权,香港也没有权利“自决前途”。道理很简单,香港是中国的一个特别行政区,香港与中央的关系,不是联邦制,更不是邦联制,香港、澳门与中国的其他行政区一样,与中央政府都是从属关系,只不过作为“特别行政区”,港澳实行“高度自治”,自治权大一些。

其次,“五十年不变”不是说“主权五十年不变”。基本法第5条规定:“香港特别行政区不实行社会主义制度和政策,保持原有的资本主义制度和生活方式,50年不变。”由此可见,“五十年不变”没有涉及主权问题。一些“本土”人士据此认为,香港回归50年后(即到了2047年)何去何从?可以选择是否留在中国,这是偷换概念。

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