杨家埠木版年画的前世今生

2019-01-08 17:03:06    新华网

而说到杨家埠年画的工艺制作,基本上是靠套印完成的。大体可分为画稿创作、画板雕印、木版套印、洪货点胭四道工序。创作画稿,创作人在形式的选择、内容的确定、画幅的尺寸上都要细致考虑。另外,创作时还要充分考虑其长期形成的艺术特色,尊重其创作规律和造型模式。

另外,在传统的杨家埠木版年画中,还有一种单色画叫“黑货”,表现内容主要是山水花鸟和梅兰竹菊,在印制上突出以墨线为主,有的地方复加淡墨以增加厚重和质感。

山东杨家埠木版年画是全国三大木版年画之一,是一朵永开不败的民间艺术之花。杨家埠木版年画发展兴盛时期,是在中国封建社会末期。当时社会两极分化极为严重,阶级矛盾异常尖锐,在这历史的转折关头,它以直观的形象,言简意赅的反映了以农立国的思想,以家族为本位,以血缘关系为纽带的宗法等级关系,以及贫富贵贱,上下尊卑的精神心态系统。在“义重于利”的伦理倾向面前,它又旗帜鲜明的向人们恭喜发财,对于人的需求、欲望、理想、追求等等做了肯定。同时杨家木版年画制作方法简便,每年春节更换一次,许多新思想新事物产生之后,马上就被年画反映出来,传遍全国,在当时的历史条件下,不但有利于社会的稳定,而且对社会的进步有一定的促进的作用。另外,杨家埠木版年画还通过宽窄长短不同,大小尺寸各异的画面,间接的记录下当时中国民居的情况等等,这些对于研究中国古代文化都是极有价值的。

【最年味】杨家埠木版年画的前世今生

《空城计》

杨家埠木版年画是广大人民群众的艺术。因而杨家埠年画艺人在美化农家生活上是费尽了心,也尽了力的。它按照农民的思想追求、审美观念、风俗信仰、生活环境,创作出绚丽多彩的大量年画作品。既有神话传说、民间故事、小说戏文,又有避邪纳福、祥禽瑞兽、风景花卉,还有时事幽默、风俗民情、百戏娱乐等等,可谓洋洋大观,应有尽有。(文/潍坊市寒亭区文化广电新闻出版局)

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