小寒:腊八喝粥 年味渐浓

2019-01-04 17:24:01    中华网文化

话说:“三九四九冰上走。”“三九四九”恰在小寒节气内。小寒时节的明显特征是受西伯利亚寒流影响,中国大部分地区都刮西北风。这么冷的节气,吃点儿热乎的、喝点儿暖身的之外,还有“画图数九”的习俗。

采购年货,准备过年

俗话说,小寒大寒,冷成冰团。

生活上,除注意日常保暖外,进入小寒年味渐浓,人们开始忙着写春联、剪窗花,赶集买年画、彩灯、鞭炮、香火等,陆续为春节作准备。

饮食上,涮羊肉火锅、吃糖炒栗子、烤白薯成为小寒时尚。俗语说“三九补一冬,来年无病痛”,说的就是冬令食羊肉调养身体的做法。

据《津门杂记》记载,天津地区旧时有小寒吃黄芽菜的习俗。黄芽菜是天津特产,用白菜芽制作而成。冬至后将白菜割去茎叶,只留菜心,离地二寸左右,以粪肥覆盖,勿透气,半月后取食,脆嫩无比,弥补冬日蔬菜的匮乏。而现代人们的生活水平提高了,各种蔬肉食,四季都有,不再像过去那样为冬日蔬菜的稀缺而担忧。

小寒:腊八喝粥 年味渐浓

九九消寒,每天一笔

在故宫养心殿后殿,挂有一幅图,上书“管城春满”,下面如九宫格一般,从右到左,写有九个双钩空心字:“亭前垂柳珍重待春风”,每个字(繁体字)都是九笔。读起来诗不诗、词不词,如果不懂民俗,可能会一头雾水。

实际上这是从元代就已开始,从皇宫到民间都时兴的“九九消寒图”,有铜钱形、梅花形、文字形、葫芦形等多种。一般这么玩:冬至之后,贴梅花一枝于窗间,佳人梳妆之时,每天用胭脂涂满一圈,等到八十一圈都涂满,原本雪白的梅花尽皆化身杏花,窗外已春回大地。

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