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陈丹燕:旅行文学,在“游记”之外

2016-03-21 09:47:50   晶报

陈丹燕

○马维(书评人)

1992年冬天,陈丹燕第一次走出国门,到欧洲旅行,搭乘的航班在香港起飞。出发前,她跟老友在中环的一家咖啡馆重聚,正是在那里,她第一次对人说出了藏在心底已久的愿望:此生要好好出去走走,看看外面的世界。后来,大约从2001年起,陈丹燕的新老读者就开始读到这位被媒体誉为“小资教母”的“咖啡馆作家”源源不断出版的旅行散文。15年以来,作者出过十余种与旅行有关的散文作品。这些书大多是市场上的“常销书”,经久不衰,可算是多年来出版界一个不大不小的传奇。有些美中不足的是,有些书因为出版年代稍早,版本不一,要全部搜罗齐并不容易。好在浙江文艺社近来陆续推出的“陈丹燕旅行文学书系”,解决了这一问题。而熟读其作品的读者,在这套书里可以找到几种新作,也算是“再续前缘”了。

陈丹燕的文字,即使是在像我这样的“非忠实读者”看来,也是颇为“抓人”的:简单,清澈而别有韵味。比如叙述爱尔兰之旅的那部《令人着迷的岛屿》。近年来在中国各大城市,有一批铁杆爱尔兰粉丝,听爱尔兰音乐,读爱尔兰诗歌,去爱尔兰旅行,甚至抽出不多的闲暇时间努力练习爱尔兰舞蹈,为的只是让自己有机会经常沉醉在“凯尔特传统”的激情里,可见这真是一片“令人着迷的岛屿”。不过谁都知道,要将这种“迷人”的气息成功诉诸笔端,令人有身临其境之感,并不是光靠走马观花式的旅行见闻就能做到的。

这本书从引言开始,就恰如其分地渲染着那种神秘、甚至有些阴郁的爱尔兰味道:“寂静深浓的秋夜,黑色悬崖向辽阔的爱尔兰海探出去,灯塔似乎就在爱尔兰海的上方。”这一夜,作者在由灯塔守护人住过的石屋改建的小旅馆里度过,四周环绕着的,是她神往已久的这片海域。时差还没倒过来,还半梦半醒着,她就这样在迷幻中体味着古老凯尔特人曾无数次体味过的那种“皮肤上有冷风或阳光经过的感受”。这天的晚餐是面包、黄油、李子酱和热茶,在一桌一凳一灯一碟的简朴和温暖中,这位来自上海的旅行者想起家乡的爱尔兰餐馆里很贵却同样地道的苏打面包,不由惊叹这个被殖民过七百年,甚至连民族语言都早已消失了的古老民族,却能巧妙地以凯尔特文化身份的认同重新唤醒民族认同,最终复国成功。而它的面包、酒馆、文学、音乐,凭着“凯尔特”这个标签,更藉着爱尔兰族裔在全世界逐渐增强的影响力远播到全世界。

在爱尔兰,和文化一样令人着迷的,是简直可以摄人魂魄的自然环境。在陈丹燕的笔下,大海仿佛具有人性:它不像作者见过的波士顿海边的大西洋,也不像葡萄牙海边的大西洋,它辽阔而清爽,蓝灰色的海面,冰凉而透明的海浪,虽然不够甜美,却更为单纯,也更有力量,充满了“庄严而怜悯的情感”。这大概是人到中年之后才能品出的滋味。大概也正是在这样一次次启程去看世界的过程中,陈丹燕的心变得更丰盈、更细腻,拥有了大多数终身偏居一地者难以企及的辽阔和自由。

在同样首次问世的《樱桃树下爱与弗》里,作者的足迹所至,乃是德国南部和奥地利这片说南部德语的地区。这里是作者当年首次前往欧洲旅行的目的地所在,而且逗留了好几个月,却留到二十多年后才来细细追述。

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