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耿飚讲述强渡乌江:“红军水马”是怎样建成的

2016-09-07 09:52:29   北京青年报

◎本版文/董保存

为纪念长征胜利80周年,本报推出系列报道“征途”。“解码”是其中的第一组报道。

长征故事讲了数十年,仿佛大家对它已很是熟稔。但若真的追问起来,那历史深处的隐秘细节,那细节背后的春秋大义,我们真的都已了然于胸了吗?

现在,让我们重拾赤子之好奇,追随先辈的步履,重新踏上长征之旅,亲手打开一个个问号。

作者手记

参加“不忘初心再长征”的采访活动到达贵州的时候,我对同行的记者朋友说,这次到乌江,我要追寻一位老人的记忆,体会他的情感,完成我自己的一个夙愿。

二十年前,我供职的解放军文艺出版社为纪念长征胜利60周年,采访了一批那时还都健在的,参加过长征的老红军、老同志。我曾经几次采访了已经退居二线的耿飚将军。

那天,走进耿飚将军的客厅,第一眼看到的是挂在墙上的一幅风雨竹,我以为是哪位名家的名作,仔细一看,才知这出自将军的手笔,上面还有他自题小诗一首。

对于耿飚将军,我们知道的是突破乌江时他当过团长,四渡赤水时的师参谋长,是著名的“杨罗耿兵团”的那个“耿”,是中华人民共和国驻好几个国家的特命全权大使,是中共中央的对外联络部长,是建国后没有授衔的中央军委的秘书长、国务院副总理兼国防部长……

然而 ,我们却不知道他还钟情书画。秘书告诉我,首长特别喜欢苏东坡的名句:宁可食无肉,不可居无竹,无竹使人瘦,无竹使人俗。可以说他是钟情于竹,寄情于竹。将军家院里那一片竹子.都是将军一手侍弄的。

那天我们的话题就从竹子说起,说着说着,就说到了戎马生涯中的竹子。他说,贵州的乌江你们去过吗?只看电影不行,要到贵州去看,强渡乌江和竹子还真有重要的关系呢!

以下是耿飚将军自述——

有没有信心凫水过江?

你们可能听说过遵义会议,但不一定听说过猴场的会议。那个地方,我起的名都很怪,什么猪场、牛场、狗场、鸭场、鼠场,也就是赶集(墟)的地方。三四年的最后一天,我们进了猴场。中央在这里召开了第一次政治局会议,也可以说是遵义会议的前奏,那个会上,决定红军强渡乌江,北上遵义。

那个新年我们在江边上过的。警卫员不知从哪里弄来了一只鸡,还给我们做了小枣炖鸡。同志们说,过年了,我们也该开个晚会。于是,在一片竹林边我们点起火把,就唱起来、跳起来。我们是一没舞台,二没道具,三没服装,歌也唱得不好,可大家真是高兴。他们非要我这当团长的唱歌,实在没办法,我就唱了几句湖南小调,唱着唱着,他们都笑得肚子疼,说团长的调不知跑到哪里去了。

这时上级命令来了,要我们突破乌江,我是前卫团的团长,杨成武是政委,我们带几个人化装先到达江边去看地形。

乌江真是天险,滔滔江水翻着白浪,冲刷着两岸刀削般的悬崖峭壁,发出震耳欲聋的涛声,别说渡过去,就是站在岸边也会给人一种眩晕的感觉。对岸又有敌兵把守,要过黔北的这个天然屏障实在太难。

那天云雾茫茫,对面什么也看不清楚,我们在一片竹林里隐蔽好,叫侦察兵打一排子枪试探一下,渡口对面马上响起了枪,说明那里有一个哨所。

责任编辑:刘畅 CC002
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