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解密长征:渡河战役中的小红军经历过怎样的青春

2016-08-31 09:42:48   北京青年报

钟发镇一个人,循着部队走过的踪迹,踉踉跄跄地走着。饿了,嚼一点布包里的生米,渴了,捧把路边的积水喝,连滑带跑地奔了30多里。突然,前面传来枪声,他陡然一惊,躲到一块巨石后。是敌人的大部队吗?若是小股的双枪兵(吸鸦片的川军),我就不怕了……他不断地给自己鼓劲、打气。十多分钟后,枪声竟渐渐停息了。他不知道,这是先遣队在去往泸定桥时与沿途国民党军交火。天黑的时候,隐约听见咆哮的大渡河水声,他高兴地伸长脖子往前看,却不见河,更不见人。他沮丧地找了一个稍能避风雨的山崖宿营。

掉队后的第三天中午,钟发镇走到了一座铁索桥边:碗口粗的铁链,4根分两侧作扶手,9根作底链,桥面有木板,但已被击落得七零八散,数不清的铁环紧紧相扣,铺成一百多米的长桥。桥底,湍急的流水像像瀑布一样向下游倾泻。钟发镇立在桥头,看得两眼昏花、晕头转向,一屁股瘫坐在地上。他到达了著名的“泸定桥”,但他当时并不认识桥头康熙御笔题写的这三个繁体字。他也不知道,前天,先遣队22勇士是如何冒着敌人的炮火爬过铁索击溃守敌,为红军主力开辟出一条生路。

根据现场判断,他左思右想,觉得大部队是过了大渡河的,自己要赶上他们,也一定得过这座险桥。他用手使劲搓了搓眼睛、额头、脸,好一会儿,他站了起来,哆嗦着用手抓护栏铁索。但他抓了个空,扑倒在地——一块完好的木板上。他太矮了,够不着护栏。铁索摇晃,他趴在那里一动也不敢动,心却要跳出来了!万一掉下去了,连个人影都会一瞬间不见的。半晌,他浑身发软、动弹不得,毫无办法。可是,他没有退后。

回想参军以来,自己从来就没有退却。1932年,乡苏维埃政府的招兵干部对他说:“小鬼,你才13岁,还没枪高,还是回家去吧。”钟发镇赖着不回,缠着要当红军。在家乡的茶岭后方医院,每天烧开水,搞卫生,给伤员倒水洗脸、喂饭等,当了两年这样的“招呼兵”,从未无故溜回家。即使在1934年10月,红军大转移,医院说:“愿意留下的随大部队转移,愿意回家的发两块大洋遣返。”他还是一门心思当红军,坚决跟部队走。

怎么办?钟发镇闭上眼,趴在木板上,以手代脚爬。铁索在摇晃,江水在轰鸣,他像只乌龟,一步一蹭地往前爬。当笔者在兴国枇杷树下,聆听年近百岁的钟老讲述这段“笑话”时,心里肃然起敬:漫漫长征路,红小鬼们身心需要承受大人一样的内外磨炼,能活下来就非常了不起,能战胜怯懦就是非凡的勇敢!

爬过泸定桥的钟发镇,几天后在夹金山雪山下,终于追上了部队。快到延安时,却随红五军编入西路军。悲壮惨烈的西征途中,侥幸活下,一路乞讨回到兴国老家,安享晚年至今。

本文作者卜谷:江西宁都人。历任《赣江文学》编辑、市文学创作室主任、赣州市作协副主席。著有长篇小说《少共国际师》、《曾山与苏维埃》,长篇纪实文学《红军留下的女人》、《良心树——赵煜其人其事》等。

责任编辑:刘畅 CC002
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