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老师傅传统手艺立功 土漆翻新成都望江楼

2016-08-16 09:25:29   华西都市报

陈正发是四川绵竹人,也是本次维护工队的领队,他从12岁起就跟着师傅学手艺,“虽然没读过好多书,但对于上漆这件事,我还是很自信的。”空气湿度是否达标,陈正发根本不用湿度计,“干了这么多年,我自己就是‘湿度计’了。”

现场的十几个工人,平均年龄在50岁以上。“这活又脏有累,很多人还对土漆过敏,现在的年轻人,哪个还愿意学这个?”说话时,陈正发放慢了手里的速度,“不过,除了一些需要翻修的老建筑,需要这门手艺的地方也越来越少了……”

考技术

生熟漆讲比例 力道也不同

虽然天气异常闷热,土漆的气味并不好闻,可老师傅们干起活来却不慌不忙。“这都是文物,哪能大意?况且,上漆本来就是精细活儿,每一步都是关键。”一旁正在上漆的孙恒钊缓缓说道。

与现在的油漆相比,土漆很磨耐心。“上一层,打磨平了,再上一层,总共得上四层才行。像这扇门,上一层漆要一个多小时,还要打磨。打磨也是考技术、耗时间的,这一层没打磨光滑,下一次上漆就上不好,所以,每个步骤都很关键,大意不得。”孙恒钊说,每一层漆,生漆和熟漆的比例都是不同的,手的力道也不相同,“都是凭感觉。”

今年66岁的孙恒钊,当漆匠已有50年。“2007年这里维修时就找了我的,这次我又来了。”说话时,孙恒钊的眉毛微微上挑,“文殊院、青城山的圆明宫,都是我上的漆。”

从业50年,孙恒钊说,最大的变化就是工具越来越先进了。“最早我刚入行的时候,打磨用的是灯草,磨手得很,满手都刮起口口,后来用手砂,就好多了,现在又有打磨机,更方便了。”不过,孙恒钊还是最喜欢手砂,“用了几十年,用惯了,打磨机反而把握不好力道,而且,像这些镂空的地方,还得用手一点一点地磨。”

随着土漆逐渐被遗忘,孙恒钊坦言,自己也越来越清闲,平时都在资中老家干农活。不过,他很乐意接上漆的活儿,“我们中国传统的技术,不能丢了。”华西都市报记者 吴冰清 实习生 张艳丽 摄影 刘陈平

原标题:老师傅传统手艺 土漆翻新望江楼

责任编辑:刘畅 CC002
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