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19日23时29分将迎来“谷雨”节气 进入农忙时节

2016-04-19 12:12:54   西安晚报

  “白云峰下两旗新,腻绿长鲜谷雨春。”《中国天文年历》显示,4月19日23时29分将迎来“谷雨”节气。谷雨,源自“雨生百谷”之说,此时节,我国大部分地区进入春种春播的关键时期。

  天津市天文学会理事赵之珩说,古籍《月令七十二候集解》中说:“三月中,自雨水后,土膏脉动,今又雨其谷于水也……盖谷以此时播种,自下而上也。”谷雨时节雨水充沛,正是庄稼生长的最佳时节,农作物处于最佳时期。在这时插秧、播种成为农民们主要的农活,农民从这时起就真正进入农忙时节。

  谷雨时节,也是送春迎夏的时节,它的到来意味着寒潮天气基本结束,气温上升,雨量逐日增加,有时候雨后天空会出现彩虹。

  谷雨时节空气湿度逐渐加大,此时人体消化能力处于旺盛期,适当进补可以提高身体的抗病能力。多喝水、多吃菜,减少高蛋白质、高热量食物的摄入。

  诗词

  《谷雨》(宋·朱槔):天点纷林际,虚檐写梦中。明朝知谷雨,无策禁花风。石渚收机巧,烟蓑建事功。越禽牢闭口,吾道寄天公。

  《白牡丹》(唐·王贞白):谷雨洗纤素,裁为白牡丹。异香开玉合,轻粉泥银盘。晓贮露华湿,宵倾月魄寒。家人淡妆罢,无语倚朱栏。

  科普

  “清明断雪,谷雨断霜”,“谷雨”是春季最后一个节气。古人将谷雨分为“三候”:“第一候萍始生;第二候鸣鸠拂其羽;第三候为戴胜降于桑。”是说谷雨后降雨量增多,浮萍开始生长,接着布谷鸟便开始提醒人们播种了,然后是桑树上开始见到戴胜鸟了。

  “谷雨过三天,园里看牡丹。”谷雨前后是牡丹花期,喜欢牡丹的话,不妨到公园里走走。

  养生

  抑“春火”:调养肝气

  从中医的角度看,这个时节气温上升,加上春季本身阳气蓄积体内,很容易出现口干口苦、目赤眼花、“烂嘴角”等不适。这就是所谓“春火”。

  为了预防“春火”,在饮食上要注意调养肝气。同时,谷雨时节人体肝脏气伏,心气逐渐旺盛,脾气也处于旺盛时期,可食用一些黑芝麻、冬瓜等益肝补肾的食物,以顺应阴阳的变化。

  祛湿气:坚持运动

  谷雨后空气中的湿度逐渐加大,会让人体由内到外产生不适反应。从中医养生的角度来说,如此潮湿的环境,湿邪容易侵入人体,造成胃口不佳、身体困倦、肌肉酸重等情况,若已患有各类关节疾病,如风湿性关节炎,也容易在该节气诱发。所以谷雨养生要注意祛湿。

  抵御湿气入侵,有效方法之一是坚持运动。如果天气晴好,体质虚寒的老人要坚持锻炼。因为多锻炼可以促进身体血液循环,加强代谢,祛除湿邪。在饮食上也要加以配合,具有良好祛湿效果的食物有:白扁豆、赤豆、薏仁、藕、海带、竹笋、鲫鱼、豆芽等。

  健脾胃:吃点山药

  谷雨时节,天气多阴雨绵绵,人体多有损耗,再加上夏天即将来临,中医理论中有脾主长夏一说,故应保护好脾胃以维护好营养的来源。

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