锦绣繁华六百年:陕西富平发现全国仅存较完好唐宋县城遗址

2019-01-17 10:55:01    光明日报

在遗址的文化堆积层中,金元层与宋代层以壕沟、房址为主要迹象,有少量灰坑和道路,出土遗物以各类生活用器、手工业工具与建材为主;唐代层是以灰坑为主要迹象,不见房址,出土遗物以手工业制品与工具为主。宋代层的下部及唐代灰坑的上部,有大量的红烧土块分布。其中陶窑出土有唐代兽面砖、鸱尾等高等级的建材,也有节愍太子墓出土的同类陶罐,还有宋代磨痕装饰的陶器以及元代多足陶盘。

  3、锦绣繁华六百年的工商业城镇

文献记载,唐开元年间,将富平县治从石川河北岸(今城关乡古城村一带)迁至义亭城(今旧县村,即银沟遗址),至元末又迁至窑桥寨。该遗址与文献记载唐代至元代的富平县城地理位置完全一致。

发掘显示,在唐代文化层,遗址的南部分布密集的灰坑,堆积有大量的红烧土块,显示这里曾有发达的手工业生产,主要是生产陶器、砖瓦、骨器,还有其他种类的产品。手工业区分布规模占整个遗址区的1/4,且分布密集,但并没有制瓷业相关遗迹或遗物存在。到宋代,该区域经过平整成为居民区,遗址出土的大量精美的耀州窑瓷器和大量制作精良的陶器显示这里在宋代有繁荣的商业活动。

其中,南城址使用时代从唐代至元代,唐代主要是作为手工业区,而在宋元时代主要为居民区。南城外侧从唐代至元代一直是手工业区域,手工业以制陶业为主,而且相当发达,其制品质量上乘,可以确认有产品供节愍太子墓中随葬所用。

于春雷说,银沟遗址是目前全国仅见的一处保存较完好的唐宋县城遗址,包含有围沟、居址、建筑基址、手工业区、墓葬区,能反映当时县城及底层人民的生活生产状况,为研究唐代至元代的社会生活经济提供了极好的基础资料,能反映唐宋变革期县城及居于其内的普通工商业者的具体情况。尤其是对于研究当时富平县的工商业与京城长安、帝陵及耀州窑的关系有重要作用。

《光明日报》( 2019年01月17日 09版)

锦绣繁华六百年:陕西富平发现全国仅存较完好唐宋县城遗址

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