锦绣繁华六百年:陕西富平发现全国仅存较完好唐宋县城遗址

2019-01-17 10:55:01    光明日报

两座城址南北相对,距离160米。在这中间地带分布着两处规模较大的呈东西分布的陶窑群。在银沟西侧的遗迹密集区,遗物以建筑材料与日用陶器遗存为主,显示这是一处居址区。在遗址的西北部,根据勘探主要分布着墓葬,为墓葬区。

南城址周围的壕沟是人工挖掘所为,口宽14米,深6.8米,底宽约3米,出土遗物较少,有砖瓦、瓷片、钱币等,多为元代遗物。壕沟打破宋初的路面,沟内部堆积全部为元代后期,下部出土有“至元通宝”。

陕西省考古研究院副研究员于春雷介绍,通过对银沟及周边地形的考察并进行相关的水文分析,专家判断银沟原本是一条人工沟道,其形成的时代晚于唐代。银沟恰能与南城址在位置、规模、走向、遗迹分布情况上相吻合,绝非偶然。因此,判断银沟可能就是南城址西侧的围沟。

  2、出土遗址、遗物丰富

银沟遗址文化层堆积并不均匀,总体上是南部堆积厚、地层多,北部堆积薄、地层少。根据地层中包含的遗物,已经发掘地层可分为四期,从早到晚分别是唐代层、宋代层、金元层和现代层。揭露遗迹有壕沟(宋-元)、道路(唐-宋)、房址(宋-元)、水井(唐-宋)、陶窑(唐-元)、灰坑(唐-元)。唐代层出土有陶器、砖瓦(包括莲花纹方砖、青辊瓦、兽面砖、鸱尾等高等级建材)、三彩、瓷器、坩埚、石器,宋代层出土有陶器、砖瓦、瓷器、骨器、钱币、坩埚、三彩、石器,金元层出土有陶器、琉璃瓦、砖瓦、瓷器、钱币、佛教类塑像与经幢。

在遗址南部地表分布有较多的砖瓦陶瓷碎片,时代从唐代至元代。比较引人注目的是该地分布较多的瓷片,瓷片质量上乘,以耀州窑系的青釉器为主,有少量钧窑、定窑、景德镇等地方的瓷片。

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