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中国麻醉师缺口30万 专家:无痛分娩不只靠麻醉

2017-09-22 00:21:10   央广网

(原标题:我国麻醉师缺口达30万专家:无痛分娩不能只靠麻醉师)

央广网北京9月21日消息最近榆林产妇坠楼事件引发公众对“无痛分娩”的高度关注。我国麻醉师缺口达30万,短期很难大幅提升无痛分娩率,多位妇产科专家表示,减少产妇生产时的痛苦,并非只有依赖麻醉师硬膜外注射麻醉药一种途径,亲人陪伴、“导乐分娩”等同样可以减轻产妇的痛苦。

作为缓解生产疼痛的技术,无痛分娩技术已经存在超过70年,并早已在欧美普及,而在我国却只有短短的16年历史。公开资料显示,在欧美国家,无痛分娩的比例高达80%以上;但在我国,这个比例却不到10%。

北京某医院2001年开始开展无痛分娩的临床应用,是国内最早进行此项技术临床应用的医院,但目前的分娩镇痛率也只达到60%左右。医院妇产科专家介绍说,尽管医院从16年前就开展无痛分娩,作为全国第一家分娩镇痛基地,每月还面向全国的医生开展培训班,但很多公立医院到现在依然没有开展无痛分娩,最根本的原因就是麻醉师短缺。各大公立医院手术病人都很多,麻醉师经常要连轴转去完成手术,根本没有时间和精力去完成产程很长的无痛分娩手术。此外,因为还有一些产妇有椎管类麻醉禁忌症、一些家属对麻醉后是否有后遗症心存顾虑等情况,无痛分娩也并不是对所有的产妇都适合。

另一名从事临床麻醉30多年的医生介绍说,欧美等发达国家1万个患者对应的是2.4个麻醉师,我国这个数字仅为0.5。数据显示,我国麻醉师的缺口达到30万。

医生认为,与硬膜外麻醉相比,家属陪伴在产妇身边、产程整个过程有专业的助产士陪同,都可以有效化解产妇的疼痛,确保安全生产。

北京某医院院长说,在医院的孕妇课堂上他一定会讲的一堂课就是分娩镇痛,让产妇很早就知道生产的整个过程包括哪些步骤,提早做好心理建设。此外,医院也积极推进“导乐分娩”,这也是目前国际妇产科学界倡导的一种妇女分娩方式。导乐分娩意味着在产妇分娩的全过程中,都会有一位态度和蔼、精通妇产科知识的导乐师始终陪伴在产妇身边。导乐师可以及时地在心理上安慰产妇,在产妇腰骶等部位不舒服时按摩安抚,播放音乐让产妇放松精神,此外还能够用专业的妇产科知识让产妇克服恐惧心理等。姜礼盟院长表示,已经有研究证实,有了导乐师的全程陪护,产妇的心理压力明显变小,生产的过程因此减少了不必要的痛苦。

责任编辑:任冲 CN062
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