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中国的绿色抱负将使其成为新能源产业世界领袖

2017-09-15 01:07:23   参考消息

参考消息网9月15日报道 英媒称,可再生能源正在中国受到热捧。中国在太阳能、风能和其他清洁能源技术领域投入的资金从2005年的80亿美元激增至2015年的1030亿美元。中国目前为开发可再生能源投入的资金比美国和欧洲加起来都要多。

据英国《新科学家》周刊网站9月13日报道,这些投资大多面向国内,不过中国现在正着眼于将本国的绿色技术卖给其他国家。在特朗普推行“美国优先”策略并且盛赞“美好的清洁煤炭”的同时,中国正寻找与其他国家一道应对气候变化的方法。


资料图片:位于青海省海南藏族自治州共和县境内的光伏产业园一角。新华社记者张宏祥摄

报道称,中国非常适合带头推动清洁能源领域的发展。它的制造业实力强大,这意味着它每年能够制造出数以百万计廉价的太阳能电池板以及数万台风力涡轮机。目前,在世界六大太阳能板制造商中,有五个在中国。十大风力涡轮机制造商中,半数在中国。绿色和平组织估计,中国每小时能安装至少一台风力涡轮机。

报道称,这样的能力让中国企业近年来可以将关注点转向国际能源市场。据世界资源研究所说,从2002年到2012年,中国在33个国家投资了至少124个太阳能和风能项目。自从2013年“一带一路”倡议对外公布以来,在参与该倡议的国家,可再生能源项目的发展速度加快。

报道称,中国还着眼于与周边国家接通绿色能源输电网。去年,它与俄罗斯、日本及韩国启动了会谈,商讨建立超大清洁能源电网事宜。这会让这四个国家分享它们的太阳能、风能和水能,并且在没有太阳或者不刮风时平衡彼此的清洁能源供应。

设在北京的独立性质的环保非政府机构——“中外对话”的马天杰说:“最近10年来,中国政府对清洁能源领域的投资给予了战略上的重视,因为它认为这是下一场工业革命——它想发挥引领作用的一场革命。”

设在澳大利亚悉尼的能源经济和金融分析研究所的蒂姆·巴克利也这样认为。他说:“中国想主导未来的产业,而美国和澳大利亚政府想主导过去的产业。”

巴克利认为,中国的清洁能源领域最终将击败化石燃料竞争对手,原因有几个方面。

首先,中国可再生能源的成本迅速降低,使其对其他国家极具吸引力。速度是另一个优势,太阳能或风能发电厂可以在半年内建成,相比之下,建设一家燃煤电厂需要五到十年时间。

报道称,许多“一带一路”倡议国家还推出了限制使用化石燃料的环保政策。

巴克利认为,这些因素将让全球对可再生能源的利用在中国的推动下出现人们从未见过的快速增长。他说:“我对此几乎没有丝毫的怀疑。”

马天杰也对此深信不疑。他说:“我认为在不久的将来,中国将迅速改变全球能源格局。”

报道称,如果他们是正确的,那么长期以来认为发达国家会引领绿色革命的假定将被推翻。相反,最快速地利用清洁能源的可能是中国以及新“丝绸之路”沿线国家。像美国这样的富国可能是仅存的抓住它们“美好的”煤炭不放的国家。

责任编辑:任冲 CN062
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