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国内成品油价格有望迎来年内第五次上调

2017-07-20 14:11:36   新华网

(原标题:我国成品油价格有望迎来年内第五次上调)

上一轮成品油调价出现搁浅,7月21日24时,我国成品油调价时间窗口将再次开启。近期国际油价呈现小幅升温态势,业内机构认为,如无意外,本轮成品油价格或小幅上调,成为年内第五次上调。

在专家看来,欧佩克减产步伐和美国页岩油复苏进程是影响当前国际油价走势的两大关键因素。

“如今的页岩油就像是个不倒翁,不太可能被打倒。”BP集团首席经济学家戴思攀认为,弹性十足的页岩油已成为当前国际油价波动的调节器,使得国际油价运行更加平稳。

戴思攀说,每桶45-50美元的价格区间对美国页岩油产业来说是个至关重要的价格点。观察显示,一旦国际油价接近每桶50美元及以上时,美国页岩油开工数量就会大大增加。当国际油价跌至每桶45美元附近,美国页岩油钻井数量就会下降。

今年6月下旬,国际油价一度跌至每桶42美元附近。国际油服公司贝克休斯数据显示,截至6月30日当周,美国油田钻井数量23周连涨的态势终止。进入7月之后,国际油价重新回升到每桶47美元附近,油田钻井数量重新恢复增长。

如今,欧佩克也深刻地认识到,页岩油已成为他们不得不面对的对手。但即便如此,欧佩克减产步伐依然在稳步执行,甚至在今年5月底进一步延长减产期限,目的是为了降低全球石油库存,使得石油库存能够降回到正常水平。

国际原油价格走势是我国成品油调价的风向标。我国《石油价格管理办法》规定,国内汽、柴油价格根据国际市场原油价格变化每10个工作日调整一次,调价生效时间为调价发布日24时。当调价幅度低于每吨50元时,不作调整,纳入下次调价时累加或冲抵。

上一轮国内成品油调价时间窗口开启于7月7日,由于调幅不满足调价门槛,出现年内第三次调价搁浅。

在欧佩克和页岩油角力之下,本轮成品油调价周期内,国际油价呈现前低后高走势。首个交易日,受美国油田钻井数量重新恢复上涨影响,国际油价下跌近3%。后期一系列数据显示,夏季石油消费旺季带动原油需求向好、库存走低,美国能源信息局也下调了2018年原油产量预测,国际油价呈现小幅回升势头。

19日,美国能源信息局公布的数据显示,上周美国全国商业原油库存4.906亿桶,减少470万桶,这一降幅超出市场预期,支撑国际油价上涨。至此,自7月7日以来,纽约原油期货价格累计上涨了6.5%,布伦特原油期货价格累计上涨了6.4%。

国际油价先抑后扬,我国成品油调价对应的一揽子原油变化率也由初期的负向运行转为正向运行,且涨幅不断加宽。

新华社石油价格系统7月20日发布的数据显示,7月19日一揽子原油平均价格变化率为2.45%。预计7月21日24时,国内汽、柴油零售价格可能迎来每吨70元的小幅上调。

本轮成品油调价周期是今年我国第十四轮成品油调价周期。今年以来,我国成品油价格共经历了四次上调、六次下调、三次搁浅。总体而言,成品油价格跌多涨少,汽、柴油价格累计分别下跌了每吨605元和580元。

责任编辑:穆启春 CN063
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