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中国炼油产能过剩超亿吨 油价迫近4元降回到十年前

2017-06-20 07:13:39   每日经济新闻

5月,全国成品油掀起降价潮,“两桶油”旗下零售终端出现罕见降价,民营加油站被迫参战。《每日经济新闻》记者历时一周赴山东调查,采访数位成品油行业内人士后发现,此次降价潮的根本原因与国内炼油行业过剩、终端库存富余有着极大的关系。此外,批零价差偏大,又为成品油降价提供了充足空间。

对于广大车主来说,成品油降价无疑是个大利好,但这只是浮出海面的冰山一角,背后折射出的是我国地炼行业已经走入新的十字路口——销售端话语权降低,借收购加油站来打通中下游又面临着资金、审批等诸多门槛,出口又受到配额限制……对此,行业人士是如何规划未来的呢?每经记者试图通过这一组调查,来管窥成品油市场之一斑。

每经记者周程程每经编辑陈旭

当得知几公里外,距离最近的一家中石油加油站正在进行92号汽油的降价优惠后,汪文(化名)也下调了自己所经营的民营加油站的油品价格。

作为山东东营市的一家民营加油站老板,汪文此前认为,民营企业可以更加灵活快速地根据市场情况来调控加油站零售价,这一直是自身莫大的优势。

然而,当今年5月加油站大规模的“降价潮”袭来之时,汪文竟然成为被迫连续不断下调油品价格的一方,“一想到这些,我怎么也高兴不起来。”

多年以来,民营加油站为获取竞争优势,汽油、柴油等成品油价格基本一直是低于中石油、中石化等主营单位旗下加油站(行业中,常把中国石油、中国石化、中国海油等国营炼厂称之为“主营”,而与之相对的则是地方炼油厂,称之为“地炼”)。但在本轮“降价潮”之下,“两桶油”旗下加油站与民营加油站之间的成品油零售价差迅速缩小,着实令民营加油站担忧。

汪文对《每日经济新闻》记者表示,一般来说,以前民营加油站每升价格比“两桶油”加油站低一块钱的情况较多,有时两者价格甚至能相差两块多。“但这次我下调后,每升价格只比(距离最近的)中石化加油站的价格便宜5毛。”汪文叹了口气说道。

有河北地区民营加油站人士更为无奈,他对《每日经济新闻》记者表示,其所在的加油站和当地“两桶油”加油站每升只相差一角钱,已经降无可降了。

上轮低油价已是大约十年前

受制于国际油价不振,现阶段国内成品油价格已经承压。

截至国家发改委6月9日对成品油价格进行下调后,今年已呈现出“四涨五跌两搁浅”的调价格局,累积下调汽油价格355元/吨,柴油价格340元/吨。

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