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李克强为何坚决取消这些“工业许可证”?

2017-06-16 21:38:17   中国政府网

近日,国务院确定取消和下放一批工业产品生产许可、简化审批程序,但这绝不代表政府责任的减轻,恰恰相反,它意味着政府的责任更重了!

6月14日的国务院常务会议确定取消和下放一批工业产品生产许可、简化审批程序。可以想象,此项改革一出,有多少大中企业,包括近年“双创”中涌现出的小微企业定会大抒胸臆、拍手称快。

工业产品生产许可证制度1984年建立实施,初衷是从源头加强质量监管。应该说,这在当时起到了一定作用。但这个“许可证”毕竟带着计划经济时代的深刻痕迹。

有关统计表明,经过多轮改革特别是2015年李克强总理力推“放管服”以来持续加大改革力度,工业产品生产许可已从最初的487类缩减到目前的60类,许可前置条件大幅取消。

然而表面看似减少了不少,但实际内里层层叠叠,依然严重羁绊着实体经济快速发展的脚步。众所周知,实体经济不振是当前经济面临的一个重大课题,而制造业是实体经济的重要支撑。烦苛的现行工业许可证制度极大地束缚着制造业的手脚和活力。我们不妨听听总理在当天会上怎么说的:“掰开来看,这60个大类里面又套着一些小类,小类里面还有单元,单元里面还有品种,林林总总有近千个,并且多个部门存在高度重复许可的问题。”

手脚被捆得如此死,企业还如何发展?真是不胜其扰。所以只能导致两个后果:一是我怕了,不投资了、不建厂了,这直接造成有效投资增速放缓;二是你用“证”拦我,我就用“假”来对付,这又直接造成无证生产、假冒伪劣等情形的发生。用总理的话说就是,绕开前置审批和事前监管,冲击国家的质量标准。

可见,现实的许可证已经难以实现“加强质量监管”的初衷。此次常务会的部署,正是寓“立”于“破”,强调加强事中事后监管,按照“双随机”方式加大抽查力度,增加抽查频次和品种,扩大覆盖面,尤其对此次取消许可管理的产品要实现抽查“全覆盖”。即便对于已颁发的许可,也不再是“一劳永逸”,后续监管如发现不符合要求,即依法撤销许可证。

事实上,总理每次到基层考察调研,总能听到制造业企业对于放宽工业生产许可的强烈呼声。

改革步伐必须要跟上市场脚步。当前,一是全球新一轮工业革命悄然来临,其所伴生的新技术、新业态、新模式、新产品层出不穷;二是中国新一轮创业创新大潮蓬勃涌动,如今每天新登记注册企业1.3万户、3年即突破千万,这是此前若干年的总和。

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