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中国技术创新正赶超西方 美国低估中国将付出代价

2017-06-15 01:27:33   参考消息

参考消息网6月15日报道 英媒称,中国不仅在电子产品制造方面奋起直追,并且已经在移动支付以及物联网等许多方面领先。中国的科技巨头华为说,去年12月华为手机销量超过了苹果。对此许多评论说,这足以令西方竞争者警醒。


云闪付二维码支付服务。新华社记者李鑫摄

据英国广播该公司网站6月14日报道,此前一段时间里,中国一度被当成仿造西方市场各种产品的技术“山寨大国”,但美国电视网CNBC发表评论说,这种情况正在发生变化。中国智囊学者胡鞍钢表示,中国技术创新正在经历从局部赶超到全面赶超的过程,去年,中国技术创新方面的积累存量实现了质的飞跃,“国内有效发明专利拥有量”首次突破百万,成为继美国和日本之后世界上第三个国内发明专利拥有量超过百万件的国家。

中国欧盟商会最近对欧洲在华公司做了一项调查,60%的在华欧盟公司认为在2020年前中国公司会缩小同欧洲的创新差距,这个报告提醒欧洲公司要小心中国的技术创新挑战。

报告说,这种创新最有可能发生在服务业,在工业界的创新突破需要更长时间。根据调查,近半数在中国的欧洲公司认为他们的业务在2016年遇到更多困难,而其中70%的公司都是在服务业和建筑业的公司,但在航空和宇航以及民航业的欧洲公司则认为在中国的业务运营并没有大改变。

报道称,中国的技术创新,特别是在电子商务和网络技术方面令外部观察者印象深刻。消费技术协会的总裁格里·夏皮罗在谈到中国技术公司的时候说,中国人正以各种不同方式进行创新。CNBC科技通讯记者阿尔琼·克尔珀尔称,除了具有百度、华为、京东商城这类大型技术公司,中国的先进创新还体现在新技术平台运用和客户消费方式上面。

克尔珀尔称,最近苹果把支付手段同苹果的通讯工具iMessage整合,Apple Pay或Samsung Pay这类移动支付都受到很多关注,但实际上中国早就在移动支付方面领先,例如阿里巴巴的蚂蚁金服和支付宝,据说他们有多达4.5亿的用户,让大量中国人享受到了不用现金和卡支付的便利。

此外,拥有中国社交平台微信的腾讯也有自己的支付应用软件,而且微信支付还包括了其他许多功能,包括把支付和打车软件滴滴出行结合,改变了中国城市出行的方式。克尔珀尔说,微信平台已经成了一步到站包罗各种服务的网络平台。

中国科技公司创新迅猛发展,按照时代国际执行编辑钱科雷的解释,是因为中国有阿里巴巴,腾讯和百度这三大互联网公司,还有华为,小米和中兴等大型制造商,这些公司彼此竞争,而且致力于在中国和海外投资。

科雷还认为,由于中国有不同于西方的隐私文化,中国公众申请手机账户、旅行和入住都必须要使用身份证,中国人对提交个人信息并不像西方人那么介意,因此许多利用个人资料的鉴定识别技术和在中国发展特别快。例如蚂蚁金服的4.5亿用户能通过手机自拍登入他们的网络钱包,百度、中国建行以及滴滴出行都对雇员和客户使用脸部识别技术。

《纽约时报》专栏作者托马斯·弗里德曼认为,美国在创新方面低估了中国,除了中国社会广泛使用无现金支付令人震惊,中国在互联网数据和物联网方面的创新和发展也令人印象深刻。在互联网大数据和物联网时代,中国7亿人每天用移动网络做海量支付,这意味着海量信息,搜集这些信息又有助于把握潮流,并能刺激新的人工智能业务的发展。

弗里德曼称,美国往往把中国的增长归咎于不平等贸易做法,低估了中国的技术创新,美国会为此付出代价。

责任编辑:任冲 CN062
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